Population Structures

Question 1

Common demographic patterns between countries

Answer 1

Demographic transition model
Urbanisation trends (driven by better economic opportunities and services)
Migration influences (e.g. economic disparity, conflict, climate change)
Ageing Populations (due to low fertility and higher LE)

Question 2

Differences between MEDCs and LEDCs populations

Answer 2

MEDCs - access to education, healthcare and family planning causing low BR, ageing population and shrinking work force, higher urbanisation and slower population growth
LEDCs - High FR and younger population structures, rapid population growth and urban expansion, limited access to Healthcare and education affecting DR

Question 3

Differences between Stable democracies and authoritarian/conflict affected states populations

Answer 3

Democracies - better social services causing lower FR and DR, immigration policies shape population growth/diversity
Authoritarian/ Conflict - population displacement due to war/persecution, poor infrastructure causing lower LE and higher DR

Question 4

How social structures affect population

Answer 4

Gender roles - Higher FR, gender equality causing delayed children and smaller families
Education Access - Higher education levels (among women particularly) causing lower FR and increased migration for better opportunities
Religious/Cultural norms - influence family size, migration patterns, attitudes toward contraception

Question 5

Population pyramid shapes

Answer 5

Constrictive - ageing population, low BR
Expansive - Youthful pop, high FR
Stationary - Balanced age distribution

Question 6

Expansive pyramid

Answer 6

wide base, Narrow top, found in stages 1-2

Question 7

Constrictive pyramid

Answer 7

Narrow base, wide middles, found stage 5

Question 8

Stationary pyramid

Answer 8

Even throughout, found stages 3-4