Regulation of the Immune Response

Question 1

Key molecules involved in tolerogenic DC:T-cell interactions:

Answer 1

CD152 (CTLA-4)

IL-10

TGF-B

Question 2

What is meant by “tolerogenic”:

Answer 2

DC induction of clonal deletion or anergy of antigenic specific T-cells

Question 3

Inborn lack of Treg’s?

Answer 3

IPEX

Question 4

Four methods of Treg action to dampen immune response:

Answer 4

1. immunosuppressive cytokines
   - IL-10
   - TGF-B
   - IL-35
2. IL-2 consumption –> apoptosis of effector T-cells
3. cytolysis (granzyme mediated)
4. CD152 (CTLA4) mediated modulation of DC’s

Question 5

Over production of thyroid hormones caused by antibody agonists of thyroid stimulating hormones:

Answer 5

Grave’s disease

Question 6

4 B-cell tolerance mechanisms:

Answer 6

1. clonal deletion
2. receptor editing (VDJ recombination) to avoid self reactivity
3. Anergy –> downregulation of BCR, upregulation of CD5
4. lack of T-cell help or survival factors

Question 7

Th17 –> IL-17A –> ?

Answer 7

neutrophil recruitment

Question 8

Th1 –> IFN-y –> ?

Answer 8

macrophage activation

Question 9

Th2 –> IL-4, IL-5 –> ?

Answer 9

mast cell

B-cell –> antibodies

eosinophils

Question 10

Defects in C1q, r, s predispose for:

Answer 10

SLE

Question 11

Deficiency in C3 leads to:

Answer 11

increased susceptibility to bacterial infx

-immune complex disease

Question 12

Homozygosity for CCR5 mutation:

Answer 12

resistance to primary spread of HIV-1

Question 13

What is the role of CCR7?

Answer 13

expressed at high levels in Immunogenic DC’s

Question 14

IL-13?

Answer 14

Th2’s

promotes help from humoral immune response

Question 15

Autoantibodies to IL-17 and IL-22?

Answer 15

APECED

Question 16

Auto inducing cytokine of Treg’s:

Answer 16

IL-35