What was happening in the high Middle Ages
Society stabilise time of nobility and the church working together to create order
Barbarians invasion making travel safer for pilgrims
Need for pilgrimages churches sparked architectural innovation 
Why was the Romanesque period emerged
Emerged with the rise of monasteries and the growing need for pilgrimages churches making a pivotal moment in European art and architecture 
What is a pilgrimage
A journey or such of moral or spiritual significance often to a shrine and allocation of important for a person’s belief or faith
What were Pilgrim churches
These are sacred Spaces are visited by pilgrims and often located by the graves of Saints or hold miraculous properties that draw the faithful 
How would you recognise a Romanesque architecture building
Distinctive features that defined this monumental actual style of the high middle ages
It was based on the basilica foundation rooted in early Christian architectural traditions
Symbolic form representing Christian faith in stone that had a Latin cross shape
Similar look to early Christian churches but much more massive
The interior demonstrates the engineering mastery required to support massive stone volts while creating spaces for worship and pilgrimage
What are the three principle features of the romanesque style
It had a heavy bulky appearance massive stone construction creating an imposing fortress like presence
Large wall areas thick walls necessary to support the weight of heavy stone volts above
Limited natural light and small windows due to structural require requirements creating a mysterious interior atmosphere
What are some additional architectural features to their buildings 
It had rounded arches distinctive semicircular arches in doorways and openings
Arcades row of arches creating rhythmic patterns along walls
Vaulted ceilings barrel and groin vaults replacing timber trussed roofs
Steep roof and towers towers became defining architectural features 
Why replace wood roofs
Fire safety a high risk of fire in a pilgrimage churches with thousands of candles and visitors
Superior acoustics stolen carries bit of sound than wood enhancing music and prayer
Fire resistance stone construction provide provided permanent protection against devastating fires
What was the Romanesque art like
The subject matter inclusively religious in nature serving both decorative and educational purposes for largely electric populations
Painting mirror fresco paintings dominated this art style covering interior walls with biblical narratives
Sculpture primarily 2-D reliefs integrated into architectural elements 
What was the function of art and architecture
The integration of art and architecture in a Romanesque churches created immersive spiritual environments with every surface to scared stories through stone and paint 
What was the Romanesque painting style like
Stylised approach maintained two dimensional field inherited from the byzantine period
Iconographic imagery extensive use of icons and symbolic imagery to convey religious meaning and instruction 
What was Romanesque sculpture like
Sculptures pushed creative boundaries within an architecture constraints
Artists were remembered for their creative solutions and artistic vision
Sculpture and architecture must be studied together as unified art forms
Connected both literally and figuratively depending on each other
Sculptures had to distort figures to fit architectural spaces making this a constraint a defining characteristic of the style
What was the relief sculpture technique
To the relief sculpture raised above a background surface
Sculptures projects in varying degrees from two dimensional background
Romanesque sculptors employed various chisels and mallets to carve directly into stone
Sculpture is carved into stone using under cutting and varied high too low relief to create depth shadows and expressive forms within an architectural constraints
