RW: Trauma Informed Care

Question 1

Trauma

Answer 1

Single or multiple experiences that completely overwhelm the individual’s ability to cope or integrate the ideas and emotions involved in that experience

Has negative effects on the mind, body and/or spirit

Question 2

What determines trauma?

Answer 2

Not the event but the individual’s experience and the meaning they make of it

Question 3

Three common elements of trauma

Answer 3

unpredictable
could not be prevented
could not be escaped

Question 4

Types of Trauma

Answer 4

a. single incident trauma
(car accident, assault)

b. complex or repetitive trauma
(ongoing abuse, neglect)

c. developmental trauma (influence child’s ability to develop physically or health relationships)

d. Intergenerational trauma
(affecting those and those who live with trauma survivors, indigenous, holocaust)

e. historical trauma
(cumulative, affects broader communities of people)

Question 5

Effects of trauma

Answer 5

a. fight or flight traumatic stress response
b. physical and emotional reactions over short or long term
- shaking, rapid breathing, nausea, cold sweats, dizziness
- anxiety, terror, anger, shame, disconnection, intrusive thoughts, regression (children)
c. emotional dysregulation
- hyper-arousal, hyper-vigilance
- dissociative state (cut off from events happening around you)

Question 6

Resiliency

Answer 6

The capacity of individuals to navigate their way to resources that sustain their well-being
Their capacity individually and collectively to negotiate for these resources to be provided in culturally meaningful way

• an intrinsic characteristic

Question 7

Resilience Factors

Answer 7

• general
• relationship factors
• community
• cultural
• physical ecology

Question 8

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

DSM5

Answer 8

Caused by trauma
Not due to substance use, medication or other illnesses

Symptoms (more than 1 month): intrusion, avoidance, negative thoughts and mood, arousal and reactivity, causes functional problems

Question 9

PTSD Triggers

Answer 9

Something that sets off a memory tape or flashback transporting the person back to the event of their original trauma

• very personal
• can be activated by one or more of the five senses

Question 10

Trauma-Informed Care

Answer 10

A strengths-based framework that is grounded in an understanding and responsiveness to the impact of trauma

• emphasizes physical, psychological and emotional safety for both providers and survivors
• creates opportunities for survivors to rebuild sense of control and empowerment

Question 11

Guiding Principles of Trauma-Informed Care

Answer 11

a. acknowledgement (be trauma aware, recognize behaviours and triggers)
b. safety and trust (communicate, respectful language, ensure privacy)
c. choice, control and collaboration (foster self-efficacy, dignity and control, client-driven goals)
d. compassion (positive, welcoming environment, validate feelings, stay present)
e. strengths-based (identify and build on strengths, resilient, enhance abilities)

Question 12

Grounding Technique

Answer 12

An emotional regulation strategy to detach from emotional pain
Uses distraction to detach from overwhelming emotions and gain control over them

• focus on external world
• NOT relaxation, more effective for TIC

Question 13

Grounding Guidelines

Answer 13

• eyes opened, lights on to help stay in touch with present
• refrain from talking about negative feelings
• focus on present, not the past or future
• can be done anytime, anywhere

Question 14

Types of Grounding Strategies

Answer 14

a. Mental grounding
- visualizing an image in mind or mental exercise
b. Physical Grounding
- a coordinating task
c. Soothing Grounding
- particular ritual

Question 15

Benefits of Grounding

Answer 15

• self-soothing technique

- emotion regulation

Question 16

Self-Care Inventory

Answer 16

Identifying goals and interventions for healing

• social contact
• getting enough sleep
• other self-care habits

Question 17

Attunement in TIC

Answer 17

Practices of Wondering
- understand each client’s experience
Practices of Following
- provide care that is specific to the individual
Practice of Holding
- foster connection and cultivate a sense of security
- keeping client informed, sharing info in timely manner

Question 18

Language that fosters holding

Answer 18

“I remember when you told me”
“I’m sorry you had to wait, that’s not okay”
“I will see to it that…”

Question 19

Informed Reassurance

Answer 19

Conveying important information that helps client understand what’s going on, the potential seriousness of it and what you’re going to do - what to expect.

NOT false reassurance

Question 20

Self care strategies (for HCP)

Answer 20

• Engage in your own self-care inventory
• Support from colleagues
• Written reflections
• Mindfulness practices
• Rituals