Sacrum

Question 1

Clinical Indications for sacrum

Answer 1

• Pathology of the sacrum, including fracture.

Question 2

special considerations

Answer 2

• The urinary bladder should be emptied before this procedure begins.
• It is also desirable to have the lower colon free of gas and fecal material, which may require a cleansing enema, as ordered by a physician

Question 3

Sacrum basic projections

Answer 3

• Antero-posterior.
• Lateral

Question 4

1. Antero-posterior projection of sacrum

Answer 4

• Lie the patient supine in the centre of the x-ray
• Extend the legs and support the shoulders on pillows and flex the knees.
• Rest the hands above the head
• Ensure that the trunk is straight and that the pelvis is level.
• Immobilize the patient
• Place anatomical marker
• Apply collimation

Question 5

Centering point of sacrum AP

Answer 5

Angle CR 15˚ cephalad and
direct CR 5 cm superior to pubic
symphysis

Question 6

Special features of AP sacrum

Answer 6

*Expose on arrested respiration
*The degree of tube angulation will depend on
the lumbosacral angle
*The small angle should used for male patients
and the larger angle for female patient

Question 7

Latera projection

Answer 7

• Patient is in true lateral position.
• Hips and knees are flexed.
• Radiolucent pad placed between the patient
  and the couch and between the knees.
• A pad is placed under the mid-lumbar to
  obtain a true lateral.