screening

Question 1

screening tests

Answer 1

• less expensive / accurate
• healthy ppl
• groups
• not a basis for tx

Question 2

diagnostic test

Answer 2

• more “
• indications of. disease people
• individual
• basis “

Question 3

types of screening tests

Answer 3

• physical exam and history
• lab test
• imaging
• genetic test

Question 4

risk factors for breast cancer

Answer 4

• fam history
• radiation expo
• breast density
• ethnicity
• menstrual periods

Question 5

mammogram every …

Answer 5

2 years

Question 6

sensitivity level of mammogram

Answer 6

70-80%

Question 7

risk factors for cervical cancer pt1

Answer 7

• HIV
• smoking
• greater no. of sexual partners
• younger age for first time having sex

Question 8

risk factors for cervical cancer pt 2

Answer 8

• oral contraceptions for more than 5 years

- 4 or more pregnancies

Question 9

screening process pt 1

Answer 9

RECRUITMENT- targeted pop. encouraged to participate
SCREENING- ‘’ ‘’ who are partcipate
ASSESSMENT- screened pop need 4 futher assessment

Question 10

screening process pt 2

Answer 10

DIAGNOSIS - assessed particpants diagnosed w diease / condition
OUTCOME- reduced morality and morbidity from disease

Question 11

types of screening

Answer 11

population based - offered to everyone in defined target group
Opportunistic- patients who consult a
health practitioner for some other purpose

Question 12

Screening Test – Validity

Answer 12

test ability to identify

diseased vs non-diseased individuals

Question 13

Validity has two components :

Answer 13

sensitivity

specificity

Question 14

sensitivity

Answer 14

tests ability to identify correctly

all those who have the disease. (true +)

Question 15

specificity

Answer 15

’’ ‘’ dont have disease (true -)

Question 16

potential harms of screening

Answer 16

false + & - results
over diagnosis
patient anxiety

Question 17

how to reduce risk of colorectal cancer

Answer 17

• avoid being overweight / eat well
• be active
• dont smoke
• decrease alcohol intake

Question 18

bias in screening studies

Answer 18

selection bias -people who would come forward to be screened

length bias- overdiagnosis, some cancer are less. agresive and dont need to betreated