Second pass deck 02

Question 1

biphasic stridor in an infant that improves with neck extension?

Answer 1

vascular ring

Question 2

_________________ is elevated in acute intermittent prophyria

Answer 2

urinary porphobilinogen

Question 3

what are the most common neuroimaging findings in schizophrenia?

Answer 3

• loss of cortical tissue volume
• (lateral) ventricular enlargement
• DECREASED hippocampal volume

Question 4

what are the neuroimaging findings in OCD?

Answer 4

structural abnormalities in the orbitofrontal cortex and basal ganglia

Question 5

• third trimester female
• red papules within striae with sparing of the umbilicus, sometimes extending to extremities
• no lab findings

Answer 5

pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy

Question 6

• second or third trimester female
• intolerable, generalized pruritis that is especially significant on the palms and soles and worsens at night
• possible skin excoriations

Answer 6

intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy

Question 7

gonadotropin-dependent precocious puberty results from ____________ and LH levels are_______

Answer 7

• premature activation of the HPG axis

- high

Question 8

patients with gonadotropin-DEPENDENT precocious puberty require what test?

Answer 8

MRI (with contrast)

Question 9

what is the treatment for gonadotropin-dependent precocious puberty?

Answer 9

GnRH agonist therapy (to prevent premature epiphyseal plate fusion and maximize adult height potential)

Question 10

patients with gonadotropin-INDEPENDENT precocious puberty require what test?

Answer 10

US of adrenal glands, ovaries, testes

Question 11

water hammer / Corrigan pulse = ?

Answer 11

aortic regurgitation

Question 12

symptomatic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is treated with:

Answer 12

negative inotropic agents (BBs, verapamil, disopyramide)

*BBs are typically first line - prolong diastole and decrease myocardial contractility, decreasing LVOT obstruction

Question 13

how do beta adrenergic agonists affect potassium?

Answer 13

• intracellular shift
• also stimulates insulin release, further promoting intracellular shift

resultant HYPOkalemia

Question 14

what is the reason for the abnormal bleeding associated with menarche?

Answer 14

immaturity of the developing HPG axis that produces inadequate quantities and proportions of GnRH, and subsequently FSH and LH

Question 15

in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding, bleeding after exogenous progesterone administration confirms:

Answer 15

normal endogenous estrogen production and proliferative endometrium

*eliminates causes of estrogen deficiency (primary ovarian insufficiency), endometrial abnormalities (intrauterine adhesions), and outlet tract abnormalities (imperforate hymen)

Question 16

• benign vascular skin tumor that presents as a small red papule that grows rapidly over weeks or months to a pedunculated or sessile shiny mass
• most commonly occurs on lip and oral mucosa and can bleed with minor trauma

Answer 16

pyogenic granuloma