Section 6

Question 1

Where is the pancreas located in the body (what does it connect with) and what does it do?

Answer 1

• A long lobular organ
• Lies posterior to the stomach, with its medial end (head) reaching the duodenum and lateral end (tail) extending to the spleen
• Produces enzymes for digestion and the hormone insulin that regulates blood sugar levels

Question 2

Does the pancreas have exocrine or endocrine functions?

Answer 2

The pancreas is a mixed gland, meaning it has BOTH exocrine and endocrine functions.

Question 3

What are the two main cell types of the pancreatic islets?

Answer 3

• Alpha and beta cells

Question 4

What do beta cells of the pancreatic islets do?

Answer 4

Beta cells produce the hormone insulin, which functions to lower blood glucose levels (hypoglycemic hormone)

Question 5

What do alpha cells of the pancreatic islets do?

Answer 5

Alpha cells produce glucagon, a hormone that functions to increase blood glucose levels (hyperglycemic hormone)