Seizures

Question 1

Drugs that can lower seizure threshold

Answer 1

Bupropion 
Tramadol 
Clozapine 
Varenicline
Lithium
Carbapenems 
FQs
Penicillins

Question 2

GABA

Answer 2

Inhibitory neurotransmitter

Question 3

Glutamate

Answer 3

Excitatory neurotransmitter

Question 4

Drugs that increase GABA (for epilepsy)

Answer 4

BZDs

Valproic acid

Question 5

Drugs that are Na channel blockers (for seizures)

Answer 5

Decreases neuron firing rate

• phenytoin/fosphenytoin
• lamotrogine
• topiramate
• carbamazepine

Question 6

Drugs that block Ca channels (for seizures)

Answer 6

Slows down/stops transmission of electrical signals

-ethosuximide

Question 7

Lamotrogine DIs

Answer 7

Valproic Acid increases lamotrogine by 2x
-blue starter kit (lower dose)

Carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital decrease lamotrogine by 40%
-green starter kit (higher dose)

Question 8

Phenytoin correction equation

Answer 8

Saturable kinetics (Michaelis-Mentin)

Total phenytoin measured

(0. 2 x albumin) + 0.1