Software Design & Development

Question 1

What is an iterative process?

Answer 1

An iterative process is a process that is repeated multiple times until everyone is happy with the finished software.

Question 2

What is needed to be done if an error is found in the testing stage?

Answer 2

You might have to reimplement part of the code or go right back to redesigning the program in the design stage.

Question 3

What are the 6 stages of the Software Development process?

Answer 3

Analysis
Design
Implementation
Testing
Documentation
Evaluation

A Dance In The Dark Every…

Question 4

What is figured out during the 1st/analysis stage of the Software Development process?

Answer 4

The overall purpose of the program and the functional requirements.

Question 5

What are functional requirements?

Answer 5

A functional requirement is -
each input the program has to accept;
the processes it has to carry out on them;
and the outputs it has to produce.

Question 6

How would you figure out the functional requirements?

Answer 6

• user surveys
• observing existing systems; and
• interviews

Question 7

In the 2nd/Design stage of the Software Development process what things will the team work out about the software?

Answer 7

• What the user interface will be like
• What data needs to be stored
• The algorithms that will make up the program

Question 8

What does testing during the implementation stage of the Software Development process usually involve?

Answer 8

Syntax errors - sorting out spelling errors in the code
Execution errors - problems that arise when the code is running

Question 9

What 2 categories of notes and materials used to support the software in the documentation stage (of the Software Development process) are there?

Answer 9

• USER GUIDES: Documents such as help files, tutorials and reference books to instruct users of the software how to use the features.
  -TECHNICAL GUIDES: These are more specific guides aimed at those installing or maintaining the software.

Question 10

During the evaluation stage of the Software Development process, what should the program be?

Answer 10

The program should be:
- FIT FOR PURPOSE: Does it do everything identified in the analysis stage?
- EFFICIENT: Is it making good use of programming constructs to reduce unnecessary steps?
- ROBUST: Can it cope/withstand unexpected errors and still keep running?
- READABLE: Can others read and understand the code?

Question 11

What can be an example of a character data type?

Answer 11

M

Question 12

What can be an example of a string data type?

Answer 12

L3tMe!n

Question 13

What can be an example of an integer data type?

Answer 13

17

Question 14

What can be an example of a real data type?

Answer 14

16.5

Question 15

What can be an example of a boolean data type?

Answer 15

TRUE or False

Question 16

What is an expression?

Answer 16

An item of code made up of data and operators that need to be computed to result in a value

Question 17

What are arithmetic operators?

Answer 17

Addition(+) , Subtraction(-), Multiplication(x) , Division

Question 18

What are logical operators?

Answer 18

AND, OR, NOT

Question 19

What are the 3 types of test data?

Answer 19

Normal - anything within the range of data items the program should handle.
Extreme - items at the very limit of what is acceptable
Exceptional - any items the program shouldn’t accept.

Question 20

Describe Normal test data

Answer 20

Anything within the range of data items the program should handle.

Question 21

Describe Extreme test data

Answer 21

Items at the very limit/borderline of what is acceptable

Question 22

Describe Exceptional test data

Answer 22

Any items the program shouldn’t accept

Question 23

What are inputs, processes and outputs?

Answer 23

Inputs - the program has to accept it
Process - the stuff it carries out/does
Outputs - what it produces/displays

Question 24

What is user interface?

Answer 24

A design using wire frames which should clearly show the input/output from/to the user

Question 25

What errors could occur in a program?

Answer 25

syntax, logic and execution(run-time) errors.

Question 26

What is a syntax error?

Answer 26

An error in the codes structure, stops the code from running.

Question 27

What is a logic error?

Answer 27

An error in the programs algorithm, will give the wrong outputs.

Question 28

What is an execution(run-time) error?

Answer 28

When a program tries to carry out something 'impossible', like dividing by 0.

Question 29

What is a variable in a program?

Answer 29

A variable is declared to hold one single item of data

Question 30

What is a 1D array?

Answer 30

Holds multiple items of the same data type. It has an index number(starts at 0)

Question 31

How do you know if your program is robust?

Answer 31

If the code can handle/identify bad user input. If there are while loops(conditionals)

Question 32

How do you know if your program is readable?

Answer 32

It has good variable names There is white space There is indentation There is internal commentary

Question 33

What are fixed loops?

Answer 33

When a block of code is repeated a known number of times.

Question 34

What are conditional loops?

Answer 34

When a block of code is repeated until a comparison is false.

Question 35

What is concatenation?

Answer 35

When you join text strings into one string.

Question 36

What is an assignment in a program?

Answer 36

Results of expressions getting kept in a variable

Question 37

What are some efficient uses of programming constructs?

Answer 37

- Repetition - Efficient data structures - arrays - Multiple selection statements - Logical operators to combine conditions

Question 38

Describe the purpose of software

Answer 38

A clear description of what the program has to do.

Question 39

What are the 3 different predefined functions?

Answer 39

Random, length and Round

Question 40

Describe the use of the random predefined function.

Answer 40

The random function returns a random number between two parameters. Such as 1 between 10, anywhere between 1 and 10 could be displayed.

Question 41

Describe the use of the round predefined function.

Answer 41

Rounds a decimal number to a set number of places.

Question 42

Describe and use the length predefined function.

Answer 42

The length function returns the length of a string.