sun, moon, and earth are alinged
syzygy
the observer is within the umbral shadow
Total solar eclipse
the sun appears completely obstructed by the moon
Total solar eclipse
the observer is within the penumbral shadow
Partial Solar eclipse
the sun is partially obstructed by the moon
Partial solar eclipse
the observer is within the antumbral shadow
Annular solar eclipse
the sun appears as a ring
Annular solar eclipse