How do background factors (e.g., culture, finances, environment, lifestyle) influence
Background factors directly influence a person’s ability to participate in
occupations. They can either provide supports or barriers.
How do OT practitioners adapt interventions to meet individual and cultural needs?
OTPs adapt interventions to fit the clients specific needs. They may change
the location or the intervention type depending on the situation.
List examples of social determinants of health (SDOH):
Economic stability
Education Access and Quality
Health Care access and quality
Neighborhood and built environment
Social and community context
Define Social Determinants of Health (SDOH):
The conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age.
Define Epidemiological Factors:
The study of disease patterns, health trends, and risk factors in populations.
What is OT’s role at the population level?
Identify at-risk population and develop targeted interventions that address
both individual needs and community health challenges.
Describe the Moral Treatment Movement:
Grounded in the philosophy that all people have a right compassion,
consideration, and kindness. Sought ways to incorporate more humane interventions. One way
identified was involvement in purposeful activity. Participants followed a structured daily routine
and engaged in simple work tasks that advocated for better health outcomes. Early 1800s
Phillipe Pinel and Willium Tuke, Benjamin Rush in the US.
What is Holism in OT?
An approach deeming that each individual should be seen as a complete
and unified whole rather than a series of parts or problems to be managed. Adolf Meyer.
Define Occupational Science:
Systematic study of human occupation as a fundamental aspect of human
experience and health. Provides the theoretical foundation that distinguishes occupational
therapy from other health professions, emphasizing the unique relationships between what
people do and their overall well-being. What people do, Why they do it, how occupational
engagement affects health and participation
How do sociopolitical factors (e.g., ADA, insurance) affect OT practice?
Health insurance coverage and ability to pay for services. Time availability
for therapy due to work demands. Access to adaptive equipment and environmental
modifications. Educational background affecting health literacy.
Identify examples of sociopolitical factors that affect OT today:
Healthcare Policies, Funding and reimbursement, Social inequities, public health issues
List the components of the Domain:
Areas of occupation- Rest and Sleep, ADLS, Leisure
Client factors- Values, Beliefs, spirituality
Performance skills- motor, process, social
Performance patterns- habits, roles, routines, rituals
Contexts and environments- personal and environmental
List the components of the Process:
Evaluation and assessment
Intervention planning
Implementation strategies
Review and outcomes
How does activity analysis fit within the OT process?
Identify the factors required for performing an activity and assess its therapeutic value.
Define Implicit Bias:
A bias or prejudice that you are not actively aware of.
What is Learnability?
An individual’s capacity to acquire new skills or knowledge that support engagement in meaningful occupations.
how a person’s background may impact occupational participation.
For example, a person may come from a low SES or a rural neighborhood and does not have reliable transportation to school, work, or community activities. This directly limits their ability to participate in these key occupational areas.
Soldier Rehabilitation Act
when injured soldiers returned, OTPs helped them adjust
Civilian Vocational Rehabilitation Act
Provided federal funds to provide vocational rehabilitation services to civilians with physical disabilities
Deinstitutionalization plan
national plan to release mental health clients
Rehabilitation Movement 1942-1960
The VA hospitals increased and more rehab depts were created
Medicare
1965; 65+ years or permanently disabled receive assistance in paying for health care
Rehabilitation act of 1973
disabled people became recognized and exerted major influence on rehab legislation
American with disabilities act 1990
civil rights to all people with disabilities, equal access
