Test 1

Question 1

The four types of cells/tissues

Answer 1

1. Nerve/nervous
2. Epithelial
3. Muscle
4. Connective

Question 2

Organ system

Answer 2

One or more organs that work together to perform some function(s)

Question 3

System made of skin

Answer 3

Integumentary

Question 4

System consisting of brain, eyes, spinal cord, nerves

Answer 4

Nervous

Question 5

System responsible for hormone secretion

Answer 5

endocrine

Question 6

System responsible for human structure

Answer 6

skeletal

Question 7

system responsible for movement

Answer 7

muscular

Question 8

system consisting of heart and blood vessels

Answer 8

circulatory

Question 9

system responsible for response to foreign objects

Answer 9

immune

Question 10

system responsible for taking in oxygen

Answer 10

respiratory

Question 11

system responsible for filtering waste products from the blood and removing the waste from the body.

Answer 11

urinary

Question 12

system made up of genitals

Answer 12

reproductive

Question 13

system responsible for absorbing nutrients and removing waste

Answer 13

digestive

Question 14

fluid that is inside cells and makes up ~65% of body’s water

Answer 14

intracellular fluid

Question 15

fluid that is outside of cells but inside the body. makes up ~35% of the body’s water

Answer 15

extracellular fluid

Question 16

Fluid portion of the blood

Answer 16

Plasma

Question 17

fluid within tissues with which cells are in contact

Answer 17

Interstitial Fluid (tissue fluid)

Question 18

Roles of the Extracellular Matrix

Answer 18

1. glues cells together
2. communicates with cells
3. keeps them healthy
4. loose which allows fluid inside

Question 19

nucleus

Answer 19

organelle that houses genes

Question 20

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 20

has one bilayer, synthesizes protein, stores calcium, and detoxifies poisons

Question 21

golgi aparatus

Answer 21

has one bilayer, finishes construction of proteins from ER

Question 22

Vesicles

Answer 22

1 bilayer, carries cargo within the cytoplasm

Question 23

lysosomes

Answer 23

1 bilayer, digestive organelles, filled with hydrolytic enzymes

Question 24

peroxisome

Answer 24

1 bilayer, neutralizes toxins

Question 25

mitochondria

Answer 25

2 bilayers, makes ATP

Question 26

cholorplasts

Answer 26

2 bilayers, converts sunlight into energy

Question 27

exocytosis

Answer 27

vesicles carry things to ECF

Question 28

endocytosis

Answer 28

vesicles carry things from the ECF

Question 29

Pinocytosis

Answer 29

use of vesicles to drink ISF

Question 30

Phagocytosis

Answer 30

cells internalize particles, or eat

Question 31

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Answer 31

used to take cholesterol from blood into cells

Question 32

cilia

Answer 32

motor appendages that can beat in unison. | move layer of mucus across the surface (mucus elevator)

Question 33

Flagella

Answer 33

long and whip like only case in humans is found in sperm used for swimming sinusoidal wave

Question 34

microvilli

Answer 34

fingerlike projections used to create a larger surface area to increase absorption

Question 35

Centrosome

Answer 35

no bilayer, organizes cell division

Question 36

ribosome

Answer 36

converts mRNA to protein

Question 37

glycogen granules

Answer 37

no bilayer, stores carbohydrates

Question 38

fat droplets

Answer 38

no bilayer, stores fat

Question 39

cytoskeletal proteins

Answer 39

serve as bones and ligaments for a cell

Question 40

microtubules

Answer 40

cytoskeleton component with a large diameter, made from tubulin, and is long and hollow.

Question 41

actin filaments

Answer 41

cytoskeleton component that has a small diameter, is made from actin, enables movement in the cells(and ultimately the body), and has a hair like structure.

Question 42

Intermediate filaments

Answer 42

cytoskeleton component that is made from many proteins, has a rope like structure, and functions as ligaments of a cell

Question 43

motor proteins

Answer 43

``` proteins that: bind to actine or MT's use ATP to create forces allow muscle contraction (actin) allows vesicles to be transported used for cell division and cell locomotion ```

Question 44

Endosymbiotic Theory

Answer 44

Mitochondria and choloplasts descended from single cell organisms(bacteria) that were taken in by a cell.