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Physics > THE FINAL SCIENCE PACE OF ALL TIME (def) > Flashcards

THE FINAL SCIENCE PACE OF ALL TIME (def) Flashcards

1
Q

Torque

A

the force that causes rotation

=(force)(lever arm length)

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2
Q

The law of conservation of momentum

A

the total momentum before an impact equals the total momentum after the impact

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3
Q

unstable equilibrium

A

coin balanced on its edge

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4
Q

stable equilibrium

A

suitcase on its side

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5
Q

neutral equilibrium

A

bowling ball

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6
Q

Kinetic energy

A

energy of motion

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7
Q

potential energy

A

energy due to position

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8
Q

Heat

A

the total energy of a substance due to motion of all its molecules

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9
Q

temperature

A

average kinetic energy of the molecules

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10
Q

First law of thermodynamics

A

energy can neither be created nor destroyed

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11
Q

Second law of thermodynamics

A

heat always travels from a region of high temperature to a region of low temperature

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12
Q

Third law of thermodynamics

A

disorder cannot be entirely eliminated from the atoms and molecules of a body

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13
Q

First law of motion

A

every body continues in its state of equilibrium unless it is compelled to change that state by forces impressed upon it

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14
Q

Second law of motion

A

Resultant force acting upon a body equals the mass times acceleration of the body
F = ma

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15
Q

Third law of motion

A

when any two bodies interact, the force exerted by the first body on the second is equal and opposite to the force exerted by the second on the first

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16
Q

too low to be heard by the human ear

A

infrasonic

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17
Q

too high to be heard by the human ear

A

ultrasonic

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18
Q

measured in bels

A

sound intensity

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19
Q

speeds greater than the speed of sound in a fluid

A

supersonic

20
Q

sound intensity varies inversely with the square of distance

A

inverse square law

21
Q

uses sound to find an object’s direction and distance

A

sonar

22
Q

apparent change in frequency due to motion

A

Doppler effect

23
Q

repetition of sound due to reflection

A

echo

24
Q

prolonged series of reflections of one sound

A

reverberation

25
Q

change of direction as a wave enters a new medium

A

refraction

26
Q

lowest pitch a vibrating object can produce

A

fundamental frequency

27
Q

caused by interaction of two or more waves

A

interference

28
Q

interference produces alternate rise and fall

A

beats

29
Q

one object causes another to vibrate

A

resonance

30
Q

Fourier analysis

A

the process of separating a single complex wave into a series of simple sine waves

31
Q

low and high of a transverse wave

A

trough and crest

32
Q

displacement node axis amplitude wavelength

A

.

33
Q

Optics

A

the study of light and vision

34
Q

The law of relection

A

the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection

35
Q

Refraction

A

the change in the direction of light as it enters a new medium

36
Q

The index of refraction of a medium

A

ration of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in the particular medium

37
Q

The law of refraction

A

(ni)(sin@i) = (nr)(sin@r)

38
Q

Color of the rainbow now in the visible spectrum

A

indigo

39
Q

Dispersion

A

the separation of light into the visible colors of the spectrum

40
Q

Diffraction

A

the spreading out of waves after they pass through a small opening or the bending of waves as the pass along the edge of an obstruction

41
Q

negative charge

A

excess of electrons

42
Q

positive charge

A

deficit of electrons

43
Q

electrolysis

A

the liberation of an element by passing an electric current through a liquid or molten electrolyte

44
Q

Ohm’s law

A

the current in a conductor is directly proportional to the electric potential and inversely proportional to the resistance

45
Q

a magnetic domain

A

a cluster of adjacent atoms that act as a tiny magnet

Physics (22 decks)

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