Thyroid

Question 1

Is Graves’ hyper or hypothyroidism

Answer 1

hyper

Question 2

Are toxic multi-nodular goitres hyper or hypothyroidism

Answer 2

hyper

Question 3

Is Hashimoto’s thyroiditis hyper or hypothyroidism

Answer 3

hypo

Question 4

Simple pathology of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

Answer 4

T cells infiltrate and destroy the thyroid

Question 5

What antibodies are present in Graves’ disease

Answer 5

TSH receptor (TRAb)

Question 6

What antibodies are present in Hashimoto’s (2)

Answer 6

anti-TPO
Anti-thyroglobulin

Question 7

Imaging results of Graves

Answer 7

homogeneously increased uptake

Question 8

Imaging results of thyroiditis

Answer 8

homogenesously reduced uptake

Question 9

Imaging results of toxic multi-nodular goitres

Answer 9

patchy uptake

Question 10

Describe presentation of subacute thyroiditis (3)

Answer 10

painful thyroid swelling
Fever
After infection

Question 11

Main drug management for hypothyroidism

Answer 11

Levothyroxine

Question 12

main drug management for hyperthyroidism

Answer 12

carbimazole

Question 13

What drugs can be used to manage symptoms of hyperthyroidism (2)

Answer 13

beta blockers
Radioiodine

Question 14

Risks for papillary and follicular neoplasms (2)

Answer 14

Papillary - radiation exposure
Follicular - low iodine area

Question 15

Spread of papillary thyroid neoplasms

Answer 15

lymphatic

Question 16

Spread of follicular thyroid neoplasms

Answer 16

hematogenous

Question 17

Function of T3 and T4 v simple (4)

Answer 17

metabolic effects
Cardio effects
Digestion effects
Muscle and bone maintenance

Question 18

How are T3 and T4 regulated

Answer 18

by TSH

Question 19

Which gland releases TSH

Answer 19

pituitary (anterior)

Question 20

How is TSH regulated

Answer 20

TRH

Question 21

How is TRH regulated

Answer 21

T3/T4 (Negatively)

Question 22

Effect of TRH

Answer 22

stimulates TSH

Question 23

Effect of TSH

Answer 23

stimulates T3 and T4