What is the difference between Laws vs Theories?
- Laws explain what happens
- Theories explain why
What are the three types of subatomic particles?
- Electron
- Proton
- Neutron
What subatomic particles are in the nucleus and what are their charges
Proton - Positively charged
Neutron - Neutral charge
Describe what Thompson believed of the atom
- “Raisin bun model”
- Positively charges mass with negatively charged particles embedded
Describe what Rutherford believed of the atom
- “Planetary model”
- Nucleus has positively charged atoms called protons
- Nucleus has mass
- Most of the atom is empty space
- Electrons rotate around the atom like planets around a sun
Describe what Bohr believed of the atom
- Electrons rotate around the nucleus in fixed shells
- Nucleus has protons and neutrons
What is the electron cloud model
- Electrons act like waves
- Their location cannot be calculated, only where they are most likely to be
What does the atomic number represent?
Number of protons and electrons in an atom
How can you find the number of neutrons in an atom?
Atomic mass - Atomic number = Number of neutrons
What is an ion and how it is made?
An ion is an atom that is no longer neutral
Ions are made when an atom gains or loses electrons
What is an anion?
An atom that has gained an electron during a chemical reaction, and is now negatively charged
What is a cation?
An atom that has lost an electron during a chemical reaction, and is now positively charged
