Type III and IV Hypersensitivity Reactions

Question 1

What occurs with a Type III reaction?

Answer 1

Antigen-Antibody complexes form and deposit to cause tissue damage

Question 2

What occurs with a Type III reaction?

Answer 2

Antigen-Antibody complexes form and deposit to cause tissue damage

Question 3

When Antigen-Antibody complexes deposit, what gets released?

Answer 3

Complement fragment causes Histamine release

Question 4

When Histamine is released near the Antigen-Antibody complex, what does that cause?

Answer 4

Neutrophils arrive and release enzymes

Question 5

When Neutrophils arrive and release enzymes at the site of the Antigen-Antibody deposit, what does that cause?

Answer 5

TISSUE DAMAGE

Question 6

Common sites for Antigen-Antibody complex deposition?

Answer 6

Kidney
Vessels
Joints
Skin
Heart, lungs

Question 7

Serum Sickness is a ____ Antigen-Antibody deposition

Answer 7

Skin

Question 8

Acute form of Serum sickness is due to?

Answer 8

Non-human protein Antigen (diptheria anti-toxin)

Question 9

Chronic form of Serum sickness is due to?

Answer 9

Self antigen = LUPUS

Question 10

Lupus is a Type ____ Hypersensitivity reaction

Answer 10

III

Question 11

An Arthus reaction is a _____ reaction

Answer 11

Local

Question 12

In what 2 populations were Arthrus reactions seen?

Answer 12

Rabbits injected with horse serum

Rare local effect of vaccination

Question 13

How do you detect whether a disease is Type II or Type III?

Answer 13

Immunoflourescence biopsy

Question 14

What do Immunofluorescence biopsies detect?

Answer 14

Pattern of Antibody deposition and thus, the disease process

Question 15

Describe the process of an Immunofluorescence biopsy

Answer 15

1. Anti-Ig Antibodies (antibodies for antibodies) are tagged with fluorescent dye
2. Then administered to tissue
   = Will bind to any Antibodies present

Question 16

If an Immunoflourescence biopsy is smooth and linear, what does that indicate?

Answer 16

TYPE II

- Antibodies are DIRECTLY acting on tissue

Question 17

If an Immunoflourescence biopsy is grainy and granular, what does that indicate?

Answer 17

TYPE III

- Antibody complexes have DEPOSITED at random

Question 18

Example of a Smooth and linear Immunofluorescence disease

Answer 18

Type II

- Rheumatic Heart

Question 19

Example of a Grainy and granular Immunofluorescence disease

Answer 19

Type III

- Post-streptococcal Glomerulonephritis

Question 20

What controls the Type IV reactions?

Answer 20

T cells

Question 21

What controls the Type IV reactions?

Answer 21

T cells

Question 22

Actions of CD4+ T cells?

Answer 22

Inflammation and cytokine release

Question 23

Actions of CD8+ T cells?

Answer 23

Cytotoxic against Ag on surface of a cell

Question 24

2 examples of Type IV reaction disease?

Answer 24

Type I Diabetes Mellitus

Granulomas

Question 25

Type 1 DM is a Type ____ reaction

Answer 25

IV

Question 26

Granulomas are a Type ____ reaction

Answer 26

IV

Question 27

Granulomas are what type of immune response?

Answer 27

Persistent T cell mediated immune response

Question 28

Rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease are what type of hypersensitivities?

Answer 28

Type IV

Question 29

General cascade of Type IV reactions?

Answer 29

Inflammation by T cells (Th1/17) Cytokine release Symptoms

Question 30

Delayed Hypersensitivity reaction Mantoux Test example

Answer 30

Tuberculin Skin Test

Question 31

Describe the Tuberculin Skin Test for Type IV reactions

Answer 31

- Purified Protein Derivative (tuberculin) injected intradermally - 48-72 hours later the reaction is assessed - Sensitized T cells start inflammatory response = Local swelling/induration occur == Indicates current or prior Tb infection

Question 32

What type of T cells cause inflammatory response with the Tb skin test?

Answer 32

Perivascular CD4+ T cells