Unit 5 - Reproductive Phys

Question 1

Ovarian cycle

Answer 1

Follicular phase (days 1-14)
Ovulation (mid-cycle)
Luteal stage (14-28)

Question 2

Uterine cycle

Answer 2

Menstrual stage
Proliferative stage (ends at ovulation)
Secretory stage (begins at ovulation; ends at menstruation)

Question 3

Leutinizing Hormone (LH)

Answer 3

male - acts on Leydig (interstitial) cells to secrete testosterone

female - stimulates thecal cells to convert cholesterol to androgens
- stimulates corpus luteum to produce progesterone

Question 4

Sertoli (aka sustentacular) cells

Answer 4

1. form tight junctions to create a blood-testes barrier
2. provide nourishment for developing sperm (metabolize glucose to lactate for sperm)
3. secrete seminiferous tubule fluid into lumen (flushes the released sperm from tubule into the epididymis for storage)
4. androgen-binding protein – helps maintain a high level of testosterone in seminiferous tubule
5. control for spermatogenesis - both testosterone & FSH act on them.
6. Release inhibit, which acts in negative feedback to regulate FSH secretion
7. during fetal development, secrete Mullein-inhibiting factor

Question 5

development of sperm

Answer 5

spermatogonia -> spermatocytes -> spermatids -> spermatozoa

Question 6

last stage of spermatogenesis

Answer 6

spermiogenesis – spermatids lose excess cytoplasm, form a tail, & become motile sperm

Question 7

3 male accessory glands

Answer 7

1. prostate gland
2. Bulbourethral gland
3. seminal vesicle

Question 8

Leydig (aka interstitial) cells

Answer 8

produce androgens