validity

Question 1

Face Validity

Answer 1

-subjective assessment of whether or not a test appears to measure the behaviour it claims to.
-not a particularly strong method with which to assess validity

Question 2

Ecological Validity

Answer 2

Refers to how the results and conclusion are generalisation to real life, beyond the immediate settings of the research.

Question 3

Temporal Validity

Answer 3

Refers to the extent to which the findings and conclusions of the study are valid when we consider the differences and progressions that come with time.

Question 4

Concurrent Validity

Answer 4

Refers to the extent to which the results and conclusions concur with other studies/evidence

Question 5

Mundane Realism

Answer 5

The task is real and engaging enough that pps ‘buy in’ to what they are doing and treat it as if it were a real task or a task they would experience in the real world

Question 6

Internal validity

Answer 6

Did the IV produce the DV or was it the result of extraneous variables?

Question 7

External validity

Answer 7

Can we generalise the results of our study to different places, people or times?

Question 8

trade of between internal and external validity

Answer 8

more you control confounding variables, the less likely to will have external validity.
More you allow for external validity the more you allow for confounding variables.

Question 9

improving qualitative methods

Answer 9

-Researchers may also have to demonstrate the interpretive validity - the interpretation of events matches those of their pps.
-Validity is enhanced by triangulation - the use of a number of different sources as evidence.

Question 10

improving validity of questionnaires

Answer 10

-questionnaires include a lie scale within the questions in order to assess the consistency of pps responses. This also reduces the effects of social desirability.
-Validity will be further enhanced by ensuring that all pps responses are anonymous.

Question 11

improving validity of observations

Answer 11

-Observations with minimal input from the observer increases validity, meaning that the pps’ behaviour is more likely to be natural and authentic.
-Ensure also that behavioural categories are not too broad, overlapping or ambiguous.

Question 12

improve validity of Experimental Research

Answer 12

-Using a control group gives experimenter a comparison for changes in DV that are due to the IV.
-Also the procedures may be standardised to minimise the effects of pps and investigators. Also use single/double blind procedures to reduce demand characteristics.

Question 13

Ecological validity

Answer 13

Generalising findings from a research study to other settings (especially ‘everyday life’).