Week 2

Question 1

What is a Lamina

Answer 1

(lamin- =plate) connects transverse processes to the spinous process on a vertebrae

Question 2

pedicle

Answer 2

(pediculus = little foot) attached to and extends posteriorly on either side of the body

Question 3

foramen

Answer 3

opening or hole

Question 4

fossa

Answer 4

shallow depression

Question 5

condyle

Answer 5

smooth, rounded articular process

Question 6

Tubercule

Answer 6

small rounded projection

Question 7

meatus

Answer 7

opening or canal, tube-like passageway

Question 8

epiphysis

Answer 8

= growing over. covered with articular cartilage. Distal and proximal ends of the bone

Question 9

Answer 9

Question 10

Answer 10

Question 11

Answer 11

Question 12

Answer 12

Question 13

Osteogenic cell

Osteoblast

Osteocyte

Osteoblast

Answer 13

• genic-develops into an osteoblast
• blast- forms bone cellular matrix
• cyte- maintains bone tissue
• clast- functions in resorption, the breakdown of bone extracellular matrix

Question 14

Answer 14

Question 15

Answer 15

Question 16

Answer 16

Question 17

Answer 17

Question 18

Answer 18

Question 19

Answer 19

Question 20

How many times does the spinal column curve?

Answer 20

4 times in adults, once as a fetus

Question 21

Characteristics of cervical vertebrae

Answer 21

• top 7
• provide major support for the head
• 1st 2 have a very large foramen, with almost no spinous process
• @C3 - C7 spinous process are pronounced to support attaching tissue.
• Flattened Spinous Process edge

Question 22

Characteristics of Thoracic Vertebrae

Answer 22

• 12
• generally the spinous process has a downward angle
• more pointed than cervical, longer spinous process
• connect to ribs!

Question 23

Characteristics of Lumbar vertebrae

Answer 23

• 5
• Wide centrum (body)
• wide spinous process
• very straight spinous process
• curved & thick in order to support everything above them

Question 24

Characteristics of sacral and coccyx vertebrae

Answer 24

sacral: 5 fused together bc of evolutionary bipedalism

Coccyx: 4 fused together

Question 25

Sternum Characteristics

Answer 25

* Smooth chest bone. * 1st portion has notches. * Jugular notch: supports Jugular vein going into superior vena cava * Clavicular notch: one on each side

Question 26

Manubrium

Answer 26

Protects top of chest and bronchi

Question 27

How are ribs held in place?

Answer 27

Held in place by large amount of cartilage. All connected to Thoracic vertebrae

Question 28

True Ribs

Answer 28

* 1-7 * Attached to T1-T7 * Truly attached to Thoracic vertebrae and cartilidge

Question 29

False RIbs

Answer 29

* 8-12 * Not directly attached to sternum with cartilidge * attached to T8-T-12

Question 30

Floating Ribs

Answer 30

* 2 pair * attached to last Thoracic vertebrae. * No cartilidge attachment

Question 31

sella turcica

Answer 31

"sella turcica" means "turkish saddle" . From the lateral view, the sella turcica resembles a horse's saddle. It houses the pituitary gland. (in skull)

Question 32

Fontanels

Answer 32

* Flat areas of fibrous connective tissue between bones of the skull that have not completed the ossification process. * 4 major fontanels in the fetal skull. * The soft spot on an infant's skull is called the anterior fontanel.