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Immunology > Integrated Immune Response > Flashcards

Integrated Immune Response Flashcards

1
Q

What do TMMIs generally respond to?

A

Respond to intracellular pathogens

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2
Q

What cytokines trigger a Th1 response?

A

IL-12 and IL-18

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3
Q

What do Th1 cells make to trigger a TMMI?

A

IFN-gamma and IL-21

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4
Q

What is the function of the IFN-gamma and IL-21 production of Th1?

A

Recruits macrophages

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5
Q

What inflammatory cytokines do macrophages make?

A

IL-1
IL-6
IL-8
TNF-alpha

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6
Q

What is the function of cytotoxic responses?

A

When the infected cells are non-APCs then TMMI will not be effective so NK cells are used instead

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7
Q

What is the function of NK cells in cytotoxic responses?

A

They detect the MHC Class I receptors on non-APC cells and if it is absent or abnormal it will kill the cell

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8
Q

What are the two killing mechanism of NK cells?

A

Direct cytotoxicity

FcR via Ab directed cytotoxicity

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9
Q

What is the adaptive component of the cytotoxic response?

A

CD8 Cytotoxic T cells

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10
Q

What does the NK cell release to activate CD8 cells?

A

IFN-gamma

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11
Q

What is the function of the Th2 response?

A

Made to use B cells and antibodies to counter extracellular infections which are not readily phagocytosed

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12
Q

What activates the Th2 response?

A

Binding of Ag to a B cell TLR

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13
Q

What converts Th0 cells into Th2 cells?

A

IL-4 via an activated B cell

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14
Q

What is the function of IL-4?

A

It will be further produced by Th2 cells and it will aid with B cell proliferation

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15
Q

What is the function of Th17 immunity?

A

Th17 is involved in chronic responses and to

attract neutrophils for long periods of time and only occurs in response to specific organisms

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16
Q

Upon binding of a “IL-17” TLR, what cytokines will be made by the dendritic cell?

A

IL-6
IL-23
TGF-beta

17
Q

What cytokines convert Th0 to Th17?

A

IL-6
IL-23
TGF-beta

18
Q

What cytokine do Th17 cells produce?

A

IL-17

19
Q

What cytotoxic lymphocyte antigen do Tregs express?

A

CTLA-4

20
Q

What controls CTLA-4 expression?

A

FoxP3

21
Q

When are Th0 converted to Tregs at peripheral sites?

A

Th0 cells are converted to Tregs at peripheral sites during ongoing immune reactions when local cytokine concentrations begin trending to TGF-beta and less IL-6.

22
Q

What are Tregs dependent upon?

A

IL-2

23
Q

What is the immune response to viral infection?

A

The immune system invokes all its strategies to combat viral infections

24
Q

Describe the step by step immune viral reaction.

A
  • Starts with NK cells as the first line of defense
  • Short TMMI burst as a long one is dangerous to host
  • CD8 and B cells are activated for specific targeting
25
Q

What is the TF for Th1?

A

T-bet

26
Q

What is the TF for Th2?

A

Gata-3

27
Q

What is the TF for Th17?

A

ROR-gamma t

28
Q

What is the TF for Treg?

A

FoxP3

Immunology (25 decks)

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