Intro

Question 1

What are the glands of the vagina that are involved with lubrication for sexual activity

Answer 1

skene glands

bartholin glands

Question 2

What is in the cervix

Answer 2

posterior fornix
external os
transformation zone

Question 3

What is in the Uterus

Answer 3

Endometrium
myometrium
perimetrium

Question 4

What are the parts of the fallopian tubes

Answer 4

infundibulum
ampulla
isthmus

Question 5

What is the female reproductive tract embryology

Answer 5

3 germ cell layers
Gonads
- ovaries (mesoderm)
- oocytes (ectoderm)
ducts (mesoderm)
- fallopian tubes
- uterus
- upper vagina
External genitalia/lower vagina (endoderm)

Question 6

What is required for differentiation of female sex system

Answer 6

genetics
proteins
hormones
ovaries
regression of male sex characteristics

Question 7

What are the genetics of females

Answer 7

46, XX

Question 8

What duct forms the female reproductive system

Answer 8

Paramesonephric (Mullerian)

• Upper (fallopian tubes)
• Lower fuses (uterus, cervix, upper vagina)

Question 9

What forms the external genitalia

Answer 9

lower vagina (Mullerian duct contacting urogenital sinus)
labia majora (labioscrotal swelling)
labia minora (urogenital folds)
clitoris (genital tubercle)

Question 10

What are types of abnormal development

Answer 10

Genetic
- ovotesticular
- testictular
- Turner syndrome
Androgen excess
- cogenital adrenal hyperplasia
Structural

Question 11

What is present at birth for a female

Answer 11

2 ovaries
1 uterus
1 cervix
1 vagina
1 million follicles

Question 12

What happens in puberty for a female

Answer 12

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian axis is activated
- GnRH released
* cause sex steroid to be released
Menarche
- avg. age 12 yrs
- first menstrual cycle

Question 13

What is the reproductive cycle

Answer 13

• 28 days
• Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian axis regulate cycle
• oocyte development and ovulation
• endometrial development
• embryo implantation

Question 14

What is the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian axis

Answer 14

Hypothalamus - Gonadotropin-releasing hormone

Pituitary - Gonadotropins

• FSH
• LH

Ovaries - Sex steroid hormones

• Estrogen
• Progesterone
• inhibin, activin, follistatin

Question 15

what are Endometrium cycles

Answer 15

follicular phase = proliferative phase
- grow

ovulation
- thickest

luteal phase = secretory phase
- progesterone cover into stroma

menstruation
- sloughing off