[4] Treatment Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in [4] Treatment Deck (21)
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1
Q

What type of studies involves just one patient?

A

Case Reports

2
Q

What type of studies involves more than one patient?

A

Case Series

3
Q

What type of a study is a Cohort Study?

A

Observational Study

4
Q

What type of study is a Clinical Trial?

A

Experimental Study

5
Q

What type of study is a Randomized Control Trial?

A

Experimental Study

6
Q

What type of study is a Case Control Studies?

A

Observational Study

7
Q

What is the gold standard for scientific studies on treatment?

A

Randomized Control Trial

8
Q

Define: Inclusion Criteria

A

Must have disease of interest with specific characteristics

9
Q

Define: Exclusion Criteria

A

Having these will get you excluded from the study

10
Q

Define: Hawthorne Effect

A

Patients want their doctors to have good results so they behave better than they normally would

11
Q

What is a good method to overcome Sampling Biases?

A

Stratified Random Sampling

12
Q

Differentiate Efficacy Studies from Effectiveness Studies

A

Efficacy: Reports treatments under IDEAL conditions

Effectiveness: Reports treatments under IDEAL-WORLD conditions (Normal circumstances)

13
Q

Should subgroups be made before or after randomizing?

A

Before

14
Q

When can you perform Trial of N=1?

A

When disease has an unpredictable course and the treatment response is quick with no carry over effects

15
Q

Limitations of Randomized Trials

A
  1. Patient Number
  2. Expensive
  3. Time-Consuming
  4. Manpower
16
Q

Define: Historical Controls

A

Comparison to similar patients in the past

17
Q

Define: Concurrent Controls

A

Similar to historic controls but avoids the biases of historic controls

18
Q

Differentiate: Cohort and Case Control

A

Cohort: Follow up Patients

Case Control: Identify outcome of interest, the factors responsible for the outcome and only examine that one period

There is no follow up here

19
Q

Describe: Phase I of Treatment Studies in RCTs

A

Identify ideal dose-to-safety

Small number of patients

20
Q

Describe: Phase II of Treatment Studies in RCTs

A

Preliminary information of EFFICACY studies

Controlled Treatment

Few patients in treatment groups

21
Q

Describe: Phase III of Treatment Studies in RCTs

A

Randomized Control Trial

Provide evidence on efficacy and adverse events and side effects