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Neurology > Anatomy of Space Occupying lesions > Flashcards

Anatomy of Space Occupying lesions Flashcards

1
Q

What is the pterion?

A

An H shaped suture in the skull where the frontal, parietal and sphenoid bones join together. It is the thinnest part of the skull.

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2
Q

What is the thinnest part of the skull?

A

Pterion

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3
Q

What artery courses over the deep aspect of the pterion?

A

The middle meningal arteries

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4
Q

What is the name of the tough sheet of dura mater that tents over the cerebellum?

A

Tentorium cerebelli

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5
Q

What is the name of the tough sheet of dura mater which forms a roof over the pituitary fossa?

A

Diaphragm sellae

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6
Q

What is the dura mater that separates the right and left cerebral hemispheres called?

A

Falx cerebri

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7
Q

At what bony feature does the confluence of the sinuses occur at?

A

The internal occipital protruberance

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8
Q

What course do the vertebral arteries take into the brain?

A

Branch off the subclavian vein and pass through the transverse foraminae of the spine to go through the foramen magnum and enter the cranial cavity.

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9
Q

What artery supplies the medial aspect of the right cerebral hemisphere?

A

Right anterior cerebral artery

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10
Q

What artery supplies the medial aspect of the left cerebral hemisphere?

A

Left anterior cerebral artery

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11
Q

What artery supplies the lateral aspect of the left cerebral hemisphere?

A

left middle cerebral artery

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12
Q

What artery supplies the posterior aspect of the right cerebral hemisphere including the visual cortex?

A

Right posterior cerebral artery

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13
Q

Where is CSF produced?

A

Choroid plexus of the ventricles

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14
Q

What reabsorbs the CSF into the dural venous sinuses?

A

Arachnoid granulations

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15
Q

Where in the spine do you perform a lumbar puncture?

A

L3/L4 or L4/5 intervertebral disc levels

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16
Q

Where does the subarachnoid space end inferiorly?

A

S2

17
Q

What connects the third and fourth ventricles in the midline?

A

The cerebral aqueduct

18
Q

What ventricle lies between the cerebellum and the pons?

A

Fourth ventricle

19
Q

What ventricle is the central canal of the spinal cord a continuation of?

A

Fourth

20
Q

what ventricle lies within the right cerebral hemisphere?

A

Right lateral ventricel

21
Q

What ventricle lies in the midline within the diencephalon?

A

The 3rd ventricle

22
Q

What ventricle lies within the left cerebral hemisphere?

A

Left lateral ventricle

23
Q

What do the foramina of monro connect?

A

The lateral ventricle into the third ventricle

24
Q

Briefly describe the flow of CSF?

A
  1. Secreted by the choroid plexus
  2. Into the right and left lateral ventricle
  3. Through the foraminae of monro into the 3rd ventricel
  4. Via the cerebral aqueduct into the 4th ventricle
  5. Reabsorbed into the subarachnoid space and then into the dural venous sinuses OR some passes into the central canal of the spinal cord
25
Q

What is hydrocephalus?

A

Increased CSF volume

Can be due to excessive production, obstruction to flow or inadequate reabsorption

26
Q

What is the treatment for hydrocephalus?

A

Ventricular peritoneal shunt catheter

27
Q

Where is an extradural haemorrhage?

A

Between the bone and dura

28
Q

Rupture of what artery would cause an extradural haemorrhage?

A

Middle meningeal artery

29
Q

If you had trauma to your pterion what kind of haemorrhage would you have?

A

Extradural - due to a ruptured middle meningeal artery

30
Q

Where is a subdural haemorrhage?

A

Between the dura and arachnoid

31
Q

What vessel has most likely been damaged in a subdural haemorrhage?

A

Cerebral veins

32
Q

Where is a subarachnoid haemorrhage?

A

A bleed into the CSF of the subarachnoid space

33
Q

What kind of haemorrhage would be a result of a ruptured circle of Willis (Berry) aneurysm?

A

Subarachnoid haemorrhage

34
Q

What cranial nerve can be damaged if their in an uncal herniation?

A

Occulomotor nerve

35
Q

Compression of what nerve causes a blown pupil?

A

Occulomotor

36
Q

A patient who has experienced heard trauma has a blown right pupil. What nerve on what side has been damaged.

A

Right occulomotor nerve

Neurology (45 decks)

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