Autonomic Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

sympathetic receptor on adrenal medulla:

A

nicotinic

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2
Q

NT stimulating nicotinic SNS receptor on adrenal medulla:

A

Acetylcholine

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3
Q

NT released from adrenal medulla in SNS response:

A

epinephrine

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4
Q

mechanism of a1 contraction of vascular smooth muscle:

A

(Gq) phospholipase C –> IP3 –> increased Ca++ concentration

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5
Q

NTs that stimulate a1’s:

A

epi = NE&raquo_space; isoproterenol

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6
Q

mechanism for SNS relaxation of bronchial SM via B2’s:

A

(Gs) –> adenylyl cyclase –> cAMP –> PKA –> inhibits SM contraction

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7
Q

natural stimulus for B2 in the lung?

A

epinephrine

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8
Q

parasympathetic receptor on cell body of POST ganglioninc nerve:

A

nicotinic

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9
Q

parasympathetic receptor on end organs:

A

muscarinic

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10
Q

mechanism of PNS SM contraction via muscarinic receptors:

A

(M1, M3) Gq–> activation of Phospholipase C –> IP3 –> incr. Ca++ –> SM contract

or

(M2) Gi –> suppression of adenylyl cyclase activity –> decrease cAMP –> decrease PKA –> no activation of myosin light chain kinase (decreased atrial contractility and HR)

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11
Q

a1 agonist

A

phenylephrine

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12
Q

long acting B2 agonist

A

salmeterol

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13
Q

most common side effect of B2 agonists:

A

tremor (skeletal muscle B2 stim)

palpitations (B1 stim)

Headache

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14
Q

B2 agonist for non-asthma bronchospasm:

A

epinephrine

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15
Q

vasoconstrictor and weak B2 agonist

releases NE and has direct effect

Tx: bronchospasm, allergy

A

ephedrine

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16
Q

similar to ephedrine for nasal congestion

A

pseudoephedrine

17
Q

short acting muscarinic antagonist:

A

ipratropium

18
Q

long acting muscarinic antagonist:

A

tiotropium

19
Q

Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor

increases cAMP/cGMP

Anti-inflammatory

suppression of cytokine release

inhibition of lung infiltration by neutrophils and other leukocytes.

Pulmonary remodeling and mucociliary malfunction are also attenuated.

A

romflumilast

20
Q

Drug for BPH

causes mucosal stuffiness

whats the Mech?

A

terazosin

a1 blocker – vasodilation

or prazosin (PTSD tx???)

21
Q

non-selective, reversible a1 blocker

A

phentolamine

22
Q

non-selective, IRreversible a1 blocker

A

phenoxybenzamine

23
Q

Drugs that classically increase airway resistance in asthmatics via B2 antagonism:

A

beta-blockers

propanolol

timolol

pindolol

labetolol

metoprolol

atenolol

esmolol

24
Q

causes cough and edema by inhibiting break down of bradykinin and preventing vasoconstriction:

A

ACE inhibitors (—prils)

25
Q

NE depleting agent causing mucosal congestion

–can’t vasoconstrict via a1

A

guanethidine

26
Q

muscarinic agonist causing bronchoconstriction

A

bethanecol

27
Q

anticholinesterase causing bronchoconstriction

A

neostigmine

28
Q

how does inhibition of acetylcholinesterase cause bronchoconstriction?

A

PNS response is to constrict bronchiole SM via Ach and muscarinic receptors