Gastritis Flashcards
What is gastritis
Inflammation of the gastric mucosa
Types of gastritis
Acute - associated with neutrophilic infiltration
Chronic - associated with mononuclear cells (lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages)
Clinical presentation of gastritis
Usually asymptomatic Sometimes functional dyspepsia (indigestion) Upper abdominal pain Nausea and vomiting (Autoimmune pernicious anaemia)
Pathophysiology of gastritis
Local inflammatory response to infection by H.pylori
Can cause an increase in gastric acid secretion through presence of H.pylori, also causing further inflammation
Aetiology of gastritis
Most commonly: H. pylori infection.
Also possible; autoimmune gastritis (antibodies to parietal cells and intrinsic factor), viruses, duodeno-gastric reflux.
Diagnosis of gastritis
Endoscopy: Can appear reddened, or normal.
Histological change; detected through biopsy.
Blood tests, stool tests.
Inflammation or erosions.
Faecal occult blood test, faecal calprotecin (intestinal), stool culture.
Treatment of gastritis
Eradication of H. pylori (triple therapy: clarithromycin, omeprazole, metronidazole)
Complications of gastritis
Peptic ulcer Pernicious anaemia (if due to AI attack of IF)
What is a gastropathy
Injury to the gastric mucosa with epithelial cell damage and regeneration.
Little to no inflammation.
Clinical presentation of gastropathy
Indigestion
Vomiting
Haemorrhage
Pathophysiology of gastropathy
Reduction in protective prostaglandins by NSAIDs use, causes the acidic contents of the stomach/duodenum to break down the mucosa
Aetiology of gastropathy
Most commonly: Use of NSAIDs.
Also possible; severe stress, high amounts of alcohol, CMV and Herpes simplex infection.
Diagnosis of gastropathy
Endoscopy: Erosions and sub epithelial haemorrhage
Treatment of gastropathy
PPI with removal of causative agent
Complication of gastropathy
Peptic ulcer
