9.2 signal classification

Question 1

what are the 4 distance measurements of signalling?

Answer 1

1. endocrine- large distance
2. paracrine- up to 20 cells away
3. autocrine- cell is the signalling and responding cell (self)
4. juxtacrine- Direct physical contact

Question 2

how is the final messaged at long and short distances?

Answer 2

far apart- signalling molecule is transported by the circulatory system
close- signalling molecule moves by diffusion.
attached- signalling cell is not released at all

Question 3

what type of signalling does adrenalin use?

Answer 3

endocrine signalling

Question 4

what is a growth factor?

Answer 4

a type of signalling molecule that causes the responding cel to grow, divide, or differentiate

Question 5

What type of signalling is important foe the development of an embryo?

Answer 5

autocrine signalling and juxacrine signalling

Question 6

what type of signalling is used by cancer cells to divide?

Answer 6

autocrine signalling

Question 7

What must happen during juxtacrine signalling?

Answer 7

two cells in direct contact. a transmembrane protein on the surface of a cell acts as a signalling molecule, while a transmembrane on another cell acts as a receptor. the signalling cell is released but remains associated with the plasma membrane of the signalling cell