Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pulmonary > Miller Study Guide > Flashcards

Miller Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

what to expect on chest x-ray with asbestos exposure?

A
  1. Small irregular opacities in lower lung fields
  2. Pleural plaques
  3. Blurring of costophrenic angle
    - -> Consistent with diffuse pleural thickening
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

presentation of sarcoidosis

A
  1. Fever
  2. Malaise
  3. Fatigue
  4. Night Sweats
  5. Weight loss
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

PE findings of sarcoidosis

A
  1. Erythema Nodosum
  2. Maculopapular lesions
  3. Hyper/hypo pigmentation
  4. Lupus pernio: nose bridge & under eyes
  5. Anterior uveitis
  6. Retinitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What to you look for with a person who has worked in coal mines?

A 
Pneumoconiosis
Fibrosis
COPD
Chronic bronchitis
inspiratory crackles
Clubbing
Cyanosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

S/s from working in a coal mine develope after how many years after being exposed

A

10 yrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How do you treat Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia

A

Eliminate further exposure
Supplemental oxygen for hypoxia
Glucocorticoids for suppression therapy
Refer to pulmonologist for management

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Presentation of Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia?

A 
Fever
Hemoptysis
Pleural chest pain
Bilateral basilar:
 - Wet quality: alveolar filling
 - Dry quality: no alveolar filling "velcro rales"
Clubbing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is Lofgren’s sign?

A

Erythema nodosum and hilar adenopathy in Sarcoidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Simple Fibrosis

A
  • Can be asymptomatic even with abnormal CXR
  • Fine crackles
  • Coarse crackles (end inspiration)
  • Rhonchi
  • Wheezes
  • CXR: Innumerable small rounded opacities in upper lung fields
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Progressive Massive Fibrosis S/Sxs?

A
  • Severe cough
  • Exertional dyspnea
  • Decreased breath sounds
  • No crackles
  • Signs of respiratory failure and cor pulmonale
  • CXR: Small opacities, gradually enlarge and connect to form larger opacities, distributed in the upper or middle lung fields
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Presentation of lung cancer

A

a. Cough
b. Weight loss
c. Dyspnea
d. Chest pain
e. Hemoptysis
f. Bone pain
g. Clubbing
h. Fever
i. Night sweats
j. Weakness
k. Anorexia
L. Persistent pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Diagnostic CXR for lung cancer

A

initial diagnostic modalities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Diagnostic chest CT for lung cancer

A

Confirmation of suspected lesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Diagnostic PET scan for lung cancer

A

Defines the nature of primary lung lesions and extend of disease
(combo PET-CT is best means of staging)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Diagnostic sputum cytology for lung cancer

A

May prove lung cancer and cell type only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Diagnosic Percutaneous transthoracic fine-needle biopsy for lung cancer

A

Peripheral lesions risk of pneumothorax

17
Q

Diagnosic Video assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for lung cancer

A
  • Incision to visualize and remove samples of lesions

- Used in pts who may not tolerate pneumothorax

18
Q

What would make you consider malignant mesothelioma

A

Smoker and Asbestos exposure

19
Q

Presentation of lung cancer located - Central endobronchial

A
  • Cough
  • Hemoptysis
  • Dyspnea
  • Wheeze
20
Q

Presentation of lung cancer located - Peripheral

A
  • Pain from pleura or chest wall involvement
  • Dyspnea
  • Lung abscess from tumor cavitation
21
Q

Presentation of lung cancer located - Regional spread of tumor in thorax:

A
  • Tracheal obstruction
  • Esophageal compressions
  • Laryngeal paralysis-hoarseness
  • Horner’s syndrome:
    • Ptosis
    • Enophthalmos
    • Miosis
    • Anhydrosis
22
Q

Presentation of lung cancer located - pleural effusion

A
  • Pain
  • Dyspnea
  • Cough
23
Q

What presentation do you expect with a superior sulcus tumor?

A
  • Pancoast syndrome

- Horner syndrome

24
Q

What is Pancoast syndrome (syndrome associated with superior sulcus tumor)

A

Pain that may arise in the shoulder of the chest wall or radiate to the neck or ulnar surface of the hand

25
Q

What is Horner syndrome (syndrome associated with superior sulcus tumor)

A
  • d/t invasion of paravertebral sympathetic chain results in;
  • Enophthalmos
  • Ptosis
  • Miosis
  • Anyhydrosis
26
Q

What presentation would key you toward bronchial carcinoid tumor?

A
  • Slow growing and rarely metastasize
  • Carcinoid syndrome:
    - Flushing
    • Diarrhea
    • Wheezing
      • hypotension
27
Q

Characteristics of a malignant nodule

A
  • Subsolid nodules: pure ground glass or part solid in nature, noncalcified or eccentric calcification
  • Obscure lung architecture
  • Irregular or speculated borders
  • Double in size ranges from 1 month to 1 yr
  • Size is >10mm
28
Q

Characteristics of a benign nodule

A
  • Solid nodules: diffuse, central, popcorn, or concentric
  • Smooth border
  • Doubling in size rages from less than 1 month to more than 1 yr
  • Size is <5 mm
29
Q

When would a PET scan be cost-effective in assessing a nodule?

A
  • Most cost-effective when the clinical pretest probability of malignancy and the results of the CT are discordant/conflicting.
  • -> low to intermediate pretest probability of malignancy
30
Q

American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) Recommends?

A
  • Recommends using the 7th edition if the TNM (tumor size, nodes, metastasis) staging system for prognosis and placement into clinical trials.
  • Do not perform CT screening for lung cancer among pts at low risk for lung cnacer
31
Q

U.S preventive service Task Force (USPSTF) Recommends?

A
  • Annual low dose CT to screen for lung cancer in pts 50 to 80 yrs of age with at least a 20 pack-year history who currently smoke or have quit within the past 15 yrs.
  • Recommend screening every pt for tobacco use and encourage smoking cessation for smokers at every appointment

Pulmonary (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions