at what CD4 count are you at risk of developing HIV symptoms
<350
cellulitis
diffuse skin infection involving deep dermis and subcutaneous fat
infectious synovitis presentation
flexor tendons most commonly can't change finger position present with erythematous fusiform swelling of fingers tenderness pain with extension
if you suspect HIV in unconscious patient, can you test them
yes
dengue fever management
isolation
IV fluids
fresh frozen plasma
platelets
dengue fever prevention
- avoid bites
- get vaccine
clinical signs dengue
thrombocytopenia
leucopenia
elevated transaminases
positive tourniquet test
presentation malaria
- fever
- N+V
- rigors
- spleno/hepatomegaly
- abdo pain
- dysuria
- headache
- increased frequency
- aching bones
- sore throat
- cough
most severe malaria species
plasmodium falciparum
how is giardia duodenalis transmitted
direct contact with other people/ contact with faeces
management invasive, chronic and allergic aspergillosis
- amphotericin B
- formulations
- azoles (IV/ oral)
- echinocandins
- flucytosine
presentation pseudomembranous colitis
- watery diarrhoea
- abdo cramps/ pain/ tenderness
- fever
- pus/ mucus in stool
- nausea
- dehydration
infectious synovitis causes
- penetrating trauma
- staph aureus and strep
- chronic infections due to mycobacteria, fungi
- possibility of disseminated gonococcal infection
management of rabies
- 4 doses of vaccine over 14 days
- human rabies immunoglobulin (HRIG) infiltrated around bite if possible
flu investigations
viral nose and throat swab CXR blood culture pulse oximatry vitals U+Es FBC CRP
chronic brucellosis presentation
months/ year
- flu like
- malaise
- depression
- chronic arthritis
- endocarditis
- epididymo-orchitis
- meningism
- splenomegaly
malaria investigations
thick and thin blood films
quantitative Buffy coat
rapid antigen tests
management of chronic hep B if treatment indicated
- pegylated alpha-interferon subcutaneous injection once/week for 12 months
- entecavir and tenor
- liver transplant
- HBIG
describe type 1 necrotising fasciitis
mixed anaerobic and aerobic infection
management furunculosis
normally nothing or topical antibiotics
if not improving may need oral antibiotics
causes schistosomiasis
being in ponds, lakes, rivers, canals and reservoirs containing parasitic flatworms called schistosomes
management erysipelas and cellulitis
combination of anti-staph+strep antibiotics
in extensive disease require IV antibiotics and rest
