Flashcards in 9. Heart failure - management Deck (9):
1
Name 5 drugs used to treat HF.
1- ACE inhibitors
2- AngII receptor blockers
3- Diuretics - MRAs (mineralocorticoids/aldosterone R antagonists)
4- B-blockers
5- ARNI (angiotensin R neprilysin inhibitor): valsartan and sacubitril
2
Name 2 drugs used in HF to treat cardiovascular comorbidities.
1. anticoagulants, e.g. low-dose aspirin (75mg/day)
2. statins
3
What is the effect and action of ACE inhibitors?
- Effect: decreased BP by vasodilation and diuresis
- Action: inhibits ACE... prevents conversion of AngI to AngII... prevents activation of RAAS and resulting vasoconstriction and Na+/H2O retention
4
What is the effect and action of AngII receptor blockers?
- Effect: decreased BP by vasodilation and diuresis
- Action: bind to AngII receptors (AT1R)... prevent vasoconstriction and aldosterone-mediated Na+/H2O retention.
5
What is the effect and action of diuretics?
- Effect: decreased BP by diuresis
- Action: antagonise aldosterone by binding at minerlocorticoid receptors... inhibit Na+/H2O retention.
6
What is the effect and action of beta-blockers?
- Effect: decreased BP by vasodilation, and decreased HR and contractility
- Action: bind to B adrenoRs... antagonise NA... prevents SNS activation.
7
What is the effect and action of ARNI?
- Effect: decreased BP by vasodilation and diuresis
- Action:
- VALSARTAN: blocks AT1Rs... antagonises AngII... prevents vasoconstriction and aldosterone-mediated Na+/H2O retention.
- SACUBITRIL: inhibits neprilysin enzyme... prevents degradatoin of vasoactive peptides inc. natriuretic peptides and bradykinin.
8
What is the effect and action of aspirin?
- Effect: anticoagulant to reduce risk of emboli and strokes in IHD
- Action: irreversibly blocks formation of thromboxane A2 in platelets... inhibits platelet aggregation
9