Lower Extremity Anatomy > Anterior Thigh Part 3 > Flashcards

Anterior Thigh Part 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Anterior thigh muscles

A
  • Sartorius
  • Quadriceps
  • Rectus femoris
  • Vastus lateralis
  • Vastus intermedius
  • Vastus medialis
  • Articularis genu
  • Tensor fascia latae
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2
Q

Sartorius

A
  • 2 joint muscle
  • Longest muscle in the body
  • Travels from anterolateral thigh to posteromedial knee
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3
Q

Sartorius origin

A
  • ASIS
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4
Q

Sartorius insertion

A
  • Medial aspect of proximal tibia

- Contributes to pes anserinus

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5
Q

Sartorius innervation

A
  • Femoral nerve
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6
Q

Sartorius blood supply

A
  • Femoral artery
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7
Q

Sartorius function

A
  • Flex/abduct/lateral rotate thigh (hip)
  • Flex the leg (knee)
  • Tailors muscle
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8
Q

Quadriceps

A
  • Group of 4 muscles that form the bulk of anterior compartment
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9
Q

4 muscles contributing to quadriceps

A
  • Rectus femoris
  • Vastus medialis
  • Vastus intermedius
  • Vastus lateralis
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10
Q

Quadriceps function

A
  • Function together as knee extensors
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11
Q

Quadriceps converge to form

A
  • Patellar (quadriceps) tendon

- Attaches to patella

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12
Q

Patellar ligament

A
  • Spans from the patella to the tibial tuberosity

- Some people also call the patellar ligament the patellar tendon

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13
Q

Quadricep muscles (all 4) innervation

A
  • Femoral nerve, posterior division
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14
Q

Rectus femoris

A
  • 2 heads (origins)

- 2 joint muscle, also a hip flexor

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15
Q

Rectus femoris origin

A
  • Straight (direct) head – ASIS

- Reflected (indirect) head – ilium rim of acetabulum

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16
Q

Rectus femoris insertion

A
  • Base of patella

- Tibial tuberosity (via patellar ligament)

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17
Q

Rectus femoris blood supply

A
  • Lateral femoral circumflex (directly and via its descending branch)
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18
Q

Rectus femoris function

A
  • Extend leg

- Flex thigh

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19
Q

Most commonly strained quadriceps muscle

A
  • Rectus femoris
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20
Q

Vastus lateralis origin

A
  • Superior aspect of intertrochanteric line
  • Anterior/inferior aspect of greater trochanter
  • Gluteal tuberosity
  • Lateral lip of linea aspera
  • Intermuscular septum
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21
Q

Vastus lateralis insertion

A
  • Lateral patellar border (patellar tendon)
  • Tibial tuberosity (via patellar ligament)
  • Tibia (via lateral patellar retiaculum)
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22
Q

Vastus lateralis blood supply

A
  • Descending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery

- Superior lateral genicular artery

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23
Q

Vastus lateralis function

A
  • Extend leg

- Pull patella laterally

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24
Q

Vastus intermedius located

A
  • Deep to rectus femoris
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25
Vastus intermedius origin
- Superior 2/3 of anterior and lateral shaft of femur | - Intermuscular septum
26
Vastus intermedius insertion
- Base of patella (patellar tendon) | - Tibial tuberosity (via patellar ligament)
27
Vastus intermedius blood supply
- Descending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery
28
Vastus intermedius function
- Extend the leg
29
Vastus medialis
- “Teardrop” visible and palpable above medial knee
30
Vastus medialis origin
- Inferior aspect of intertrochanteric line - Spiral line - Medial lip of linea aspera - Superior medial supracondylar line - Intermuscular septum
31
Vastus medialis insertion
- Medial patellar border (patellar tendon) - Tibial tuberosity (via patellar ligament) - Tibia (via medial patellar retinaculum)
32
Vastus medialis blood supply
- Femoral artery - Profunda femoris - Superior medial genicular atery
33
Vastus medialis function
- Extend the leg | - Pull patella medially
34
The quadriceps aponeuroses, IT band, sartorius contribute to
- Medial and lateral patellar retinacula
35
Medial and lateral patellar retinacula are fibrous expansions that
- Attach to the patella and tibia | - Reinforce joint capsule of the knee and help stabilize patella
36
Articularis genu
- Very small | - Deep to vastus intermedius
37
Articularis genu origin
- Distal shaft of femur
38
Articularis genu insertion
- Suprapatellar bursa/synovial membrane
39
Articularis genu function
- Pulls suprapatellar bursa superiorly | - Prevents compression within knee joint with extension
40
Tensor fascia latae
- Found on the lateral thigh | - Can be grouped with the gluteal muscles based on innervation
41
Tensor fascia latae origin
- Lateral lip of iliac crest from ASIS to tubercle of iliac crest
42
Tensor fascia latae insertion
- Iliotibial band (the band attaches to Gerdy’s tubercle on the lateral proximal tibia)
43
Tensor fascia latae innervation
- Superior gluteal nerve
44
Tensor fascia latae bloody supply
- Ascending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery | - Superior gluteal arteries
45
Tensor fascia latae function
- Flex/abduct and medially rotate thigh | - Stabilize hip & knee during gait
46
Femoral nerve (L2-4) pathway
- Enters thigh by passing deep to inguinal ligament - Through the muscular lacuna - Between psoas major and iliacus - Lateral to femoral vessels, outside of femoral sheath, within femoral triangle
47
Femoral nerve (L2-4) innervates
- Anterior thigh muscles | - Hip and knee joints, cutaneous
48
Femoral nerve branches
- Nerve to Iliacus - Nerve to Pectineus - Anterior division (3)
49
Femoral nerve anterior division
- Medial femoral cutaneous (L2,3) - Intermediate femoral cutaneous (L2,3) - Nerve to sartorius
50
Medial femoral cutaneous (L2,3) pathway
- Follows along with Sartorius
51
Medial femoral cutaneous (L2,3) supplies
- Anteromedial thigh - Superior medial knee - Contributes to Patellar and Subsartorial plexuses
52
Intermediate femoral cutaneous (L2,3) supplies
- Supplies central anterior thigh | - Contributes to Patellar plexus
53
Femoral nerve posterior division
- Saphenous nerve - Branches to quadriceps femoris muscles - Branch to knee and hip joinrs
54
Saphenous nerve (L3,4) pathway
- Travels with femoral vessels in adductor canal | - Becomes superficial inferomedial thigh
55
Saphenous nerve (L3,4) supplies
- Skin of medial half of leg and patellar surface - Contributes to Patellar and Subsartorial plexuses - Medial side of the foot (portion of the medial arch)
56
Branches to quadriceps femoris muscles
- They are named by what they intervate | - Nerve to vastus intermedius, etc…
57
Adductor canal (Subsartorial canal, Hunter’s canal)
- Located middle 1/3 of thigh, deep to Sartorius - Between anterior and medial compartments - Begins at apex of femoral triangle, ends at the aductor hiatus
58
Adductor canal (Subsartorial canal, Hunter’s canal) boundaries
- Anterolateral: vastus medialis - Posterior: adductor longus and adductor magnus - Anteromedial: Sartorius muscle
59
Adductor canal (Subsartorial canal, Hunter’s canal) contents
- Femoral artery/vein - Nerve to vastus intermedius - Saphenous nerve
60
Femoral artery in adductor canal
- Becomes anterior to vein inferiorly
61
Femoral vein in adductor canal becomes
- Descending genicular artery
62
Most lateral content in adductor canal
- Nerve to vastus medialis | Most lateral in adductor canal
63
Saphenous nerve in adductor canal
- Will pierce fascia and become cutaneous - Travels with great saphenous vein - Does not pass through adductor hiatus
64
At adductor hiatus, femoral vessels pass through and become
- Popliteal vessels (in popliteal fossa)
Lower Extremity Anatomy
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