Lower Extremity Anatomy > Popliteal Fossa > Flashcards

Popliteal Fossa Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

Popliteal fossa

A
  • Diamond-shaped area posterior to knee

- Fat-filled, confined compartment

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2
Q

Popliteal fossa boundaries

A
  • Superolateral: biceps femoris
  • Superomedial: semimembranosus/semitendinosus
  • Inferolateral: lateral head of gastrocnemius, plantaris muscle
  • Inferomedial: medial head of gastrocnemius
  • Roof: skin, superficial fascia and deep fascia (popliteal fascia)
  • Floor: popliteal surface of femur, investing fascia over popliteus, knee joint capsule and oblique popliteal ligament
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3
Q

Popliteal fossa SUPEROLATERAL boundary

A
  • Biceps femoris
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4
Q

Popliteal fossa SUPEROMEDIAL boundary

A
  • Semimembranosus

- Semitendinosus

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5
Q

Popliteal fossa INFEROLATERAL boundary

A
  • Lateral head of gastrocnemius

- Plantaris muscle

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6
Q

Popliteal fossa INFEROMEDIAL boundary

A
  • Medial head of gastrocnemius
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7
Q

Popliteal fossa ROOF

A
  • Skin
  • Superficial fascia
  • Deep fascia (popliteal fascia)
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8
Q

Popliteal fossa FLOOR

A
  • Popliteal surface of femur
  • Investing fascia over popliteus
  • Knee joint capsule
  • Oblique popliteal ligament
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9
Q

Polpiteal fossa content

A
  • Small saphenous vein
  • Popliteal artery and branches
  • Popliteal vein and tributaries
  • Tibial nerve
  • Medial sural cutaneous
  • Common fibular nerves
  • Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
  • Popliteal lymph nodes
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10
Q

Common fibular nerves (content of popliteal fossa)

A
  • Lateral sural cutaneous nerve

- Sural communicating (fibular communicating)

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11
Q

Deep to superficial popliteal fossa content

A
  • Popliteal artery
  • Popliteal vein
  • Nerves
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12
Q

Medial to lateral politeal fossa content

A
  • Popliteal artery
  • Popliteal vein
  • Tibial nerve & common fibular nerve
  • Sciatic nerve
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13
Q

Tibial nerve (L4-S3) located in

A
  • In the superficial fascia
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14
Q

Common fibular nerve (L4-S2) pathway

A
  • Follows biceps femoris & tendon

- Passes around fibular neck

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15
Q

Tibial nerve (L4-S3) gives off

A
  • Medial sural cutaneous (S1,2)
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16
Q

Common fibular nerve gives off

A
  • Lateral sural cutaneous (L5-S2)

- Sural (fibular) communicating branch (S1,2)

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17
Q

Lateral sural cutaneous (L5-S2) supplies

A
  • Superior/lateral leg
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18
Q

Sural (fibular) communicating branch (S1,2)

A
  • Joins medial sural cutaneous

- Forms sural nerve (S1,2)

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19
Q

Popliteal sciatic nerve block

A
  • Blocks sciatic nerve superior pop fossa (or slightly above)
  • Lateral or posterior approach
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20
Q

Popliteal artery

A
  • Continuation of femoral, deep in popliteal fossa

- Supplies knee joint and surrounding musculature

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21
Q

Popliteal pulse

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Difficult to feel

- Easier more superior and medial to midline

22
Q

Popliteal artery pathway

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A
  • Passes into posterior leg compartment

- Deep through fibrous arch of soleus

23
Q

Branches of popliteal artery

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A
  • Superior medial/lateral genicular
  • Sural arteries
  • Inferior medial/lateral genicular
  • Anterior/posterior tibial artery (terminal branches)
24
Q

Superior lateral genicular artery

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Passes deep to and biceps femoris
25
Superior medial genicular artery
- Passes deep to medial hamstring muscles/adductor magnus above medial femoral condyle
26
Sural arteries are muscular branches to
- Gastrocnemius - Soleus - Plantaris
27
Middle genicular artery
- Pierces oblique popliteal ligament | - Supplies internal knee structures
28
Inferior lateral genicular artery
- Passes deep to gastrocnemius/plantaris - Superficial to popliteus - Passes around lateral tibial condyle
29
Inferior medial genicular artery
- Follows along superior border of popliteus | - Toward medial tibial condyle
30
Anterior tibial artery (terminal branch of popliteal)
- Branches off popliteal artery near inferior border of popliteus - Passes through superior opening of interosseous membrane - Enters anterior compartment
31
Branches of anterior tibial artery
- Posterior tibial recurrent | - Anterior tibial recurrent
32
Posterior tibial recurrent artery
- Branches off before entering the anterior compartment - Passes deep to popliteus - Joins with genicular anastomosis
33
Anterior tibial recurrent artery
- Branches right after passing through superior opening in the interosseous membrane - Passes superiorly to anastomose with inferior genicular arteries
34
Posterior tibial artery (terminal branch of popliteal)
- Deep posterior compartment
35
Branches of posterior tibial artery
- Circumflex fibular | - Fibular artery
36
Circumflex fibular artery
- Wraps around neck of fibula | - Joins with inferior genicular arteries
37
Fibular artery
- Descends posterior to fibula
38
Anterior/posterior tibial venous drainage
- Anterior/posterior tibial vein > Popliteal vein > Femoral vein
39
Superior lateral genicular artery anastomoses with
- Superior medial genicular - Inferior lateral genicular - Descending branch of lateral femoral circumflex
40
Superior medial genicular artery anastomoses with
- Superior lateral genicular - Inferior medial genicular - Descending genicular
41
Inferior lateral genicular artery | anastamoses with
- Inferior medial genicular - Superior lateral - Circumflex fibular - Anterior/posterior tibial recurrent
42
Inferior medial genicular artery | anastomoses with
- Inferior lateral genicular - Superior medial genicular - Anterior tibial recurrent - Descending genicular (saphenous branch) arteries
43
Inferior medial genicular artery | supplies
- Popliteus muscle
44
Anterior tibial recurrent | anastomoses with
- Inferor medial/lateral genicular arteries | - Circumflex fibular
45
Posterior tibial recurrent | anastomoses with
- Inferior genicular arteries
46
Circumflex fibular artery | anastomoses with
- Inferior lateral genicular | - Anterior tibial reccurent
47
Descending genicular (highest genicular) artery
- Last branch off of femoral artery
48
Descending genicular (highest genicular) branches
- Saphenous artery | - Articular branch
49
Saphenous artery
- Supplies medial knee - Joins genicular anastomosis - Anastomoses with inferior medial genicular artery
50
Descending genicular artery anastomoses with
- Inferior medial genicular artery
51
Articular branch
- Supplies knee joint | - Joins genicular anastomosis
52
Descending branch of lateral femoral circumflex anastomoses with
- Superior lateral genicular artery
Lower Extremity Anatomy
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