What are 2 definitions of behavior?
- In the scientific world, human behavior is seen as the product of factors that cause people to act in predictable ways.
- Human behavior is also defined as the result of attempts to satisfy certain needs.
What is an important factor to consider when creating a syllabus for instructing?
Personality Type. You must tailor the syllabus to fit the personality type of your student.
What is Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs?
- Physiological Needs - Food/Water etc
- Safety & Security - Must feel safe and protected from danger.
- Love and Belonging - Student must feel accepted
- Self-Esteem - Both internal and external
- Self-Actualization - Students need to realize their own potential and purpose.
What are the defense mechanisms?
- Denial - Refusal to accept reality because it is too threatening.
- Repression - A person buries uncomfortable thoughts into unconscious mind.
- Displacement - Shifts emotion from original object to a less threatening one.
- Rationalization - Cannot accept real reasons for behavior, therefore, justifies actions.
- Fantasy - Escaping from reality by daydreaming.
- Compensation - Highlighting a positive to cover up a negative.
- Projection - Relegating blame for one’s own mistakes and short coming onto others.
- Reaction Formation - Faking a belief opposite to true belief because the true belief causes anxiety.
What is anxiety?
A feeling of worry, nervousness or unease, often about something that is going to happen.
What is a normal reaction to stress?
A rapid and exact response, within the limits of experience and training.
What is an abnormal reaction to stress?
Extreme over-cooperation, painstaking self-control, inappropriate laughter or singing, and rapid changes in emotion.
What are the basic elements of communication?
- Source - The sender of information
- Symbols - Ideas and information shared by words, expressions, gestures etc.
- Receiver - The student, listener, reader, etc.
What are some barriers to effective communication?
COIL
- Confusion between symbols, and the symbolized object. This occurs when a word is confused with what it is meant to represent.
- Overuse of abstractions. Using words that are general rather than specific (avoid when possible)
- Interference (Physiological, environmental, or psychological). These come from outside sources that the instructor cannot control.
- Lack of common experience. One of the greatest barriers to communication, mainly due to the differences in the backgrounds of student and instructor. Aviation is very “technical”.
What are some ways to develop communication skills?
- Role Playing - The learner is provided with a general description of a situation, then applies a new skill or knowledge to perform the role.
- Instructional Communication - Use of past experiences to illustrate a point.
- Listening - To listen effectively, you must want to listen.
- Questioning - Focused and open-ended questions determine student understanding.
- Instructional Enhancement - A good instructor is always learning more.
