C1 - Products From Oil

Question 0

What reaction takes place in cracking?

Answer 0

Thermal decomposition

Question 1

How are smaller hydrocarbons made and why?

Answer 1

Large hydrocarbons are broken down by mixing them with steam and heating or passing the vapours over a hot catalyst. This is done because smaller hydrocarbons are more useful.

Question 2

What is the formula for alkenes?

Answer 2

CnH2n

Question 3

What is an alkene?

Answer 3

An unsaturated hydrocarbon

Question 4

What bonds do alkenes have that alkanes don’t?

Answer 4

Double bonds

Question 5

What test is used to distinguish an alkene from an alkane?

Answer 5

If bromine water turns colourless, the compound is an alkene.

Question 6

What is a monomer?

Answer 6

Small molecules that are a product of crude oil.

Question 7

What is a polymer?

Answer 7

A molecule made up of many monomers,

Question 8

What is polymerisation?

Answer 8

The joining of monomers. The double bonds are broken and form bonds with other monomers to form polymers.

Question 9

What are smart polymers?

Answer 9

Materials that can change their properties according to light, heat, etc.

Question 10

Give three examples of how smart polymers can be used in medicine.

Answer 10

• Easy-peel plasters
• Hydrogel
• Shape memory

Question 11

What are the problems with disposing of plastics?

Answer 11

• Piles of unsightly rubbish
• Damage wildlife
• Take up landfill space

Question 12

What is a biodegradable plastic?

Answer 12

The plastic can be decomposed by microbes.

Question 13

How can polymers be made biodegradable?

Answer 13

Starch can be used in production.

Question 14

Give an example of a biodegradable plastic.

Answer 14

PLA ( Poly(lactic acid))

Question 15

Give two advantages of using biodegradable plastics.

Answer 15

• Crude oil can be preserved.

- There is less impact on the environment.

Question 16

Give two disadvantages of using biodegradable plastics.

Answer 16

• Wildlife habitats could be destroyed to make farmland.

- The corn is used to make plastic rather than feed people.

Question 17

What are the two main methods of making ethanol?

Answer 17

• Hydration

- Sugar fermentation

Question 18

What is hydration in ethanol production?

Answer 18

Reacting steam with ethene with a catalyst.

Question 19

What is the equation for producing ethanol by fermentation?

Answer 19

Sugar –yeast–> ethanol + carbon dioxide

Question 20

What is the symbol equation for producing ethanol using sugar fermentation?

Answer 20

C6H12O6 —-> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2

Question 21

What is the equation for producing ethanol using hydration?

Answer 21

Ethene + steam –catalyst–> ethanol

Question 22

Give two advantages of producing ethanol by hydration.

Answer 22

• The process is continuous

- There is no waste product

Question 23

Give two disadvantages of using fermentation to produce ethanol.

Answer 23

• The production is a batch process so takes a long time.

- The process releases carbon dioxide.

Question 24

Give a disadvantage of producing ethanol by hydration.

Answer 24

-Using ethene relies on crude oil which is non-renewable