Cardiology medication Flashcards Preview

Medications > Cardiology medication > Flashcards

Flashcards in Cardiology medication Deck (8)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

ACE inhibitor

A

Stops the conversion of angiotensin I to II.
Angiotensin II is a vasoconstrictor and stimulates aldosterone secretion

Rampril/ Captopril

Start at 1.25mg(HF)/2.5mg titrate up to 10mg

S/E: Cough/ Postural hypotension

Must check renal function after 2/52 weeks due to the nephrotoxic effects

2
Q

Calcium channel blockers

A

Decrease Ca2+ entry into the vascular and cardiac cells. Calcium stimulates contraction.
Results in relaxation and vasodilation in the arterial smooth muscle
•Dihydropyridine: vasodilates
•Non dihydropyridine: Cardiac contractibility and conduction of the heart

Amlodipine
HTN: 5-10mg daily

S/E: Worsening HF, Flushing, oedema, gum hypertrophy

3
Q

Thiazide diuretic

A

Inhibits the Na/CL co transporter in the DCT of the nephron.

Bendroflumethiazide/ Indapamide
2.5mg 
S/E: Impotency 
Contraindication in gout 
Decrease in sodium and potassium
4
Q

Alpha blocker

A

Blocks the alpha one adrenoreceptor

Vasodilatation

Doxazosin (Note that Tamsulosin is only licensed for BPH)
1mg daily

S/E: Anxiety, back pain and coughing

5
Q

Angiotensin II blocker

A

Block the action of angiotensin II on the AT1 receptor

Losartan / Cadasartan
12.5mg= HF
50mg other conditions
S/E: Vertigo, symptomatic hypertension

6
Q

Aldosterone antagonist

A

Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid blocker on the mineralocorticoid receptor in the DCT of the kidneys decreasing the activity of the EnaC. Reduces the reabsorption of sodium and water.

Spironolactone
25mg for heart failure/ resitant hypertension

S/E: Gyanecomastia, Anxiety, Hypotenison, Hyperkalaemia ( tall tented T waves)

7
Q

Digoxin

A

Negatively chronotropic (reduces HR) and positively inotropic (increases force of contraction) Inhibitions of the Na+/K+ atpase pumps causing Na+ to accumulate in the cells. As a result, Ca also accumulates in the cells resulting in a higher contractile force.

Digoxin 125-250mg (maintenance dose)

8
Q

B blockers

A

Act on the B 1 receptors
Relax the heart
Blocks sympathetic nervous system

Best one for heart failure is Bisproprolol (1.25mg to 10mg)
Atenolol
S/E: Bronchospasm, alopecia,