Chapter 9: 9.1 Glycolysis

Question 1

When ————— levels are low ATP must be produced

Answer 1

Phosphocreatinine

Question 2

What transports glucose into the cytoplasm where glycolysis occurs?

Answer 2

GLUT 4

Question 3

In glycolysis:

What happens to glucose?

Answer 3

Converted to 2 pyruvate molecules
* NET gain of 2 ATP and 2 NADH molecules

Question 4

Steps of Glycolysis:

Step 1 of Glycolysis:
1. Reactant
2. Product
3. Enzyme that catalyzes the reaction

(State ATP/NADH that is produced/consumed)

Answer 4

1. Glucose
2. Glucose-6-Phosphate
3. Hexokinase

(1 ATP consumed)

Question 5

Steps of Glycolysis:

Step 2 of Glycolysis:
1. Reactant
2. Product
3. Enzyme that catalyzes the reaction

(State ATP/NADH that is produced/consumed)

Answer 5

1. Glucose-6-Phosphate
2. Fructose-6-Phosphate
3. Phosphoglucose isomerase

Question 6

Steps of Glycolysis:

Step 3 of Glycolysis:
1. Reactant
2. Product
3. Enzyme that catalyzes the reaction

(State ATP/NADH that is produced/consumed)

Answer 6

1. Fructose-6-Phosphate
2. Fructose-1,6-Biphosphate
3. Phosphofructokinase-1

(1 ATP consumed)

Question 7

Steps of Glycolysis:

Step 4 of Glycolysis:
1. Reactant
2. Product
3. Enzyme that catalyzes the reaction

(State ATP/NADH that is produced/consumed)

Answer 7

1. β-D-Fructose-1,6-Biphosphate
2. D-Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate + Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate
3. Aldolase

Question 8

Steps of Glycolysis:

Step 5 of Glycolysis:
1. Reactant
2. Product
3. Enzyme that catalyzes the reaction

(State ATP/NADH that is produced/consumed)

Answer 8

1. Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate
2. D-Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate
3. Triose Phosphate Isomerase

Question 9

Steps of Glycolysis:

Step 6 of Glycolysis:
1. Reactant
2. Product
3. Enzyme that catalyzes the reaction

(State ATP/NADH that is produced/consumed)

Answer 9

1. D-Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate
2. D-1,3-Biphosphoglycerate
3. Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase

(2 NADH produced)

Question 10

Steps of Glycolysis:

Step 7 of Glycolysis:
1. Reactant
2. Product
3. Enzyme that catalyzes the reaction

(State ATP/NADH that is produced/consumed)

Answer 10

1. D-1,3-Biphosphoglycerate
2. 3-Phosphoglycerate
3. Phosphoglycerate Kinase

(2 ATP produced)

Question 11

Steps of Glycolysis:

Step 8 of Glycolysis:
1. Reactant
2. Product
3. Enzyme that catalyzes the reaction

(State ATP/NADH that is produced/consumed)

Answer 11

1. 3-Phosphoglycerate
2. 2-Phosphoglycerate
3. Phosphoglycerate Mutase

Question 12

Steps of Glycolysis:

Step 9 of Glycolysis:
1. Reactant
2. Product
3. Enzyme that catalyzes the reaction

(State ATP/NADH that is produced/consumed)

Answer 12

1. 2-Phosphoglycerate
2. Phosphoenolpyruvate
3. Enolase

Question 13

Steps of Glycolysis:

Step 10 of Glycolysis:
1. Reactant
2. Product
3. Enzyme that catalyzes the reaction

(State ATP/NADH that is produced/consumed)

Answer 13

1. Phosphoenolpyruvate
2. Pyruvate
3. Pyruvate Kinase

(2 ATP produced)

Question 14

State:

ATP and NADH production/consumption in Glycolysis

Answer 14

• Step 1: 1 ATP consumed
• Step 3: 1 ATP consumed
• Step 6: 2 NADH produced
• Step 7: 2 ATP produced
• Step 10: 2 ATP produced

Question 15

How many steps are regulated in glycolysis? What do they have in common?

Answer 15

3 steps
* All have a large free energy change

Question 16

Besides the 3 steps that are regulated, how else is glycolysis regulated?

Answer 16

Regulated by glucose

Question 17

Define:

Allosteric regulation

Answer 17

Regulation through bringing an effector molecule to a site other than the active site

Question 18

Which steps are regulated in glycolysis?

Answer 18

• Step 1: Hexokinase
• Step 3: PFK-1
• Step 10: Pyruvate kinase

Question 19

In glycolysis:

How is Step 1 regulated?

Answer 19

Inhibited by:
* High product concentration

Question 20

In glycolysis:

How is Step 3 regulated?

Answer 20

Inhibited by:
* Large amount of ATP

Activated by:
* Large amounts of AMP
* Large amounts of product

Question 21

In glycolysis:

How is Step 10 regulated?

Answer 21

Inhibited by:
* Through phosphorylation
* ATP, alanine, and acetyl-CoA

Activated by:
* AMP and fructose-1,6-biphosphate