Chest X-rays

Question 1

what is a chest x-ray

Answer 1

a chest x-ray produces an image of the lung, heart and chest wall, througth radiation passing through the body

Question 2

what is a PA x-ray

Answer 2

radiation passes from posterior to anterior -patient needs to be standing

Question 3

what is a AP x-ray

Answer 3

radiation passes from anterior to posterior , in lying - AP x-ray shows an enlarged heart compared to PA

Question 4

how should an x-ray look like

Answer 4

it should be both black and white
underexposed-too white
overexposed-too black

black-air
white- bones, ligaments etc

Question 5

what does the a-g approach for X-rays stand for

Answer 5

-Alignment

-bones (fractures)

-cardiac (shape, shadowing around heart border and the cardiophrenic angles)

diaphragm-(volume loss, hyperinflation, hemidiaphragm)

expansion- count anterior ribs 5-7 ,
less than 5 ribs counted- incomplete inspiration
more then 7 ribs counted-
hyper expansion

lung fields

gadgets - (peacemaker)

Question 6

what allignment does the trachea have in a x-ray

Answer 6

the trachea should be central and not shifted
shitting towards affected side -atelectasis,pneumothorax

away from affected side-plueural effusion, cancer

Question 7

what is pneumonia/consolidation

Answer 7

inflammation in the air sacs filling them iwth fluid , pus making it harder to breathe.
congestion
red hepitization
grey hepitization
resolution

Question 8

what is atelectasis

Answer 8

colapse of a part of the lung /lobe

Question 9

what is pneuemothorax

Answer 9

air leaks into the pleural space causing it to collapse

Question 10

what is pleural effusion

Answer 10

excessive fluid in the pleural space

Question 11

Emphysema (COPD)

Answer 11

lung disease, part of COPD the tiny air sacs in the lungs are damaged and destroyed, reducing the elasticity and surface area for oxygen exchange and causing air to become trapped.