Dance Biology

Question 1

What is a Joint?

Answer 1

• area where two bones meet

Question 2

what is a cartilage?

Answer 2

• a type of tissue that covers the surface of a bone at a joint. it helps reduce friction at the joint

Question 3

what is a synovial memebrane?

Answer 3

• a tissue the lines the joint and seals it into a joint capsule. it secretes synovial fluid (clear liquid) to lubricate the joint

Question 4

what is a ligament?

Answer 4

• tough elastic band of connective tissue it surrounds the joint to give support and limit the joints movement
• dammage (overstretching) to the ligament weakens the joint making it less stable and is very difficult to recover,
• joins bone to bone

Question 5

what is a tendon?

Answer 5

• a tough connective tissue on each side of a joint attach to muscles that control movement of the joint
• joins bone to muscle
• example: achilles which can be strengthened by flex and pointing of feet and can be stretched by

Question 6

what is a bursa?

Answer 6

• fluid-filled sacs between bones ligaments or other adjacent structures help cushion the friction in a joint

Question 7

what is a Synovial fluid?

Answer 7

• a clear, sticky fluid secreted by the synovial membrane

Question 8

what is a femur?

Answer 8

thigh bone

Question 9

what is a tibia

Answer 9

shin bone

Question 10

what is a patella

Answer 10

the knee cap

Question 11

what is the meniscus

Answer 11

a curved part of cartillage in the knees and other joints

Question 12

what type of joint is a hip joint?

Answer 12

• ball and socket joint/synovial joint (so is shoulder)

Question 13

draw a diagram of a hip joint and then check your answer

Answer 13

see bellow

Question 14

What type of joint is a knee joint?

Answer 14

• hinge joint nd synovial joint

Question 15

Draw a diagram of a knee joint?

Answer 15

see bellow

Question 16

What are the different types of joint?

Answer 16

• there are many different types of joints and they are classified according to structure an their ability to move
• joints that do not move are called ‘fixed’

1. synovial joints
2. cartilaginous joint (vertebrae)
3. fibrous joints

Question 17

Examples of Mobile/Synovial joints

Answer 17

1. ball and socket- aduction and abduction and rotation e.g. hips shoulders
2. hinge joints- bend and straighten ,ovements e.g. fingers knees
3. pivot joints- limited rotation e.g. neck joints
4. ellipsoidal joints- all movemnt except pivotal e.g. wrist joints