Depression Flashcards

(11 cards)

1
Q

Different types of depression

A
Unipolar depression
Bipolar depression
Depressive disorder
Major depressive disorder
Dysthmia
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2
Q

Unipolar depression

A

Mood swings in one direction
Most common
More likely to be environmental than genetic

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3
Q

Bipolar depression

A

Oscillations between depression and mania
Onset happens in adulthood
Strong hereditary tendency

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4
Q

Depressive disorder

A

Significant levels of sadness, low energy, low self worth, guilt

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5
Q

Major depressive disorder

A

Severe pattern of depression, disabling, not caused by drugs or medical conditions

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6
Q

Dysthmia

A

Chronic and less disabling but similar to major depressive disorder

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7
Q

Ways to diagnose depression

A
  1. Interview
  2. Fill out a questionnaire
    Score given tells you whether mild, moderate or severe
  3. DSM diagnostic statistical manual - need to have five or more symptoms that have been present for two week period
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8
Q

Symptoms of depression

A
  1. Depressed mood
  2. Loss of interest/pleasure
  3. Weigh loss/gain; increase/decrease in appetite
  4. Insomnia/hypersomnia
  5. Psychomotor agitation or retardation
  6. Fatigue/loss of energy
  7. Feeling of worthlessness or guilt
  8. Less able to concentrate/think, indecisiveness
  9. Recurrent thoughts of death
  10. Loss of libido
  • Need atleast 1 or 2 to be diagnosed with depression
  • Need tohave five or more symptoms present for TWO week period
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9
Q

Factors affecting depression

A
  • More likely in female
  • First episode occurs in late adolescent early adulthood years
  • May be co-morbid with other psychiatric disorders
  • Causes hyperactivity of prefrontal cortex
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10
Q

Monoamine theory of depression

A
  • Overall reduction in central monoamine NT i.e. 5-HT and NA
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11
Q

Evidence against monoamine theory of depression

A
  • Difficult to show deficits of 5-HT and NA
  • Would expects effects to be exhibited immediately but takes two-three weeks to show effects
  • Cocaine blocks monoamine transporters so you’d expect it to have anti-depressive effects but it doesn’t
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