Depression Flashcards
(11 cards)
1
Q
Different types of depression
A
Unipolar depression Bipolar depression Depressive disorder Major depressive disorder Dysthmia
2
Q
Unipolar depression
A
Mood swings in one direction
Most common
More likely to be environmental than genetic
3
Q
Bipolar depression
A
Oscillations between depression and mania
Onset happens in adulthood
Strong hereditary tendency
4
Q
Depressive disorder
A
Significant levels of sadness, low energy, low self worth, guilt
5
Q
Major depressive disorder
A
Severe pattern of depression, disabling, not caused by drugs or medical conditions
6
Q
Dysthmia
A
Chronic and less disabling but similar to major depressive disorder
7
Q
Ways to diagnose depression
A
- Interview
- Fill out a questionnaire
Score given tells you whether mild, moderate or severe - DSM diagnostic statistical manual - need to have five or more symptoms that have been present for two week period
8
Q
Symptoms of depression
A
- Depressed mood
- Loss of interest/pleasure
- Weigh loss/gain; increase/decrease in appetite
- Insomnia/hypersomnia
- Psychomotor agitation or retardation
- Fatigue/loss of energy
- Feeling of worthlessness or guilt
- Less able to concentrate/think, indecisiveness
- Recurrent thoughts of death
- Loss of libido
- Need atleast 1 or 2 to be diagnosed with depression
- Need tohave five or more symptoms present for TWO week period
9
Q
Factors affecting depression
A
- More likely in female
- First episode occurs in late adolescent early adulthood years
- May be co-morbid with other psychiatric disorders
- Causes hyperactivity of prefrontal cortex
10
Q
Monoamine theory of depression
A
- Overall reduction in central monoamine NT i.e. 5-HT and NA
11
Q
Evidence against monoamine theory of depression
A
- Difficult to show deficits of 5-HT and NA
- Would expects effects to be exhibited immediately but takes two-three weeks to show effects
- Cocaine blocks monoamine transporters so you’d expect it to have anti-depressive effects but it doesn’t