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Derm Flashcards

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1
Q

Ezcematous Eruptions x3

A

Dermatitis = Atopic, Contact, Nummular, Seborrheic

Dyshidrosis

Lichen Simplex chronicus

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2
Q

Name x 2

  1. Etiology
  2. Sxs
  3. Tx
A
  1. Atopic dermatitis (Eczema) = Chronic type I
    1. E: IgE hypersensitivity rxn
    2. Sx: Pruritic (Itchy), xerosis (dry skin), rash on flexural surfaces
    3. Tx: Antihist, hydration, emollients, UVB, phototherapy, top steroids
  2. Contact dermatitis = Type IV
    1. Sx: Itching, burning
    2. Tx: Burow’s soln, top steroids
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3
Q

Name

  1. E
  2. PE
  3. Tx
A

Nummular dermatitis

  1. E: Inflam d/o in winter
  2. Sx: Itchy small grouped vesicles that form plaques, crusting, excoriations
  3. Tx: Moisurizers or top steroids
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4
Q

Name

  1. E
  2. Sx
  3. Tx
A
  1. Seborrheic dermatitis
    1. Sx: Greasy, yellowish scaly macules/papules on scalp, ears, nasolabial fold
    2. E: Malassezia furfur, active sebaceous gland
    3. Tx: UV, Ketoconazole shampoo, Hydrocort cream
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5
Q

Name

  1. E
  2. Sx
  3. Tx
A

Dyshidrosis

  1. Eruptions post stress, hot, humid weather
  2. PE: pruritic, clear small vesicles in clusters (tapioca pudding like)
  3. Tx: Burow’s soln, top steroids, PUVA
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6
Q

Name

  1. E
  2. Sx
  3. Tx
A

Lichen simplex chronicus

  1. E: Chronic scratching from atopic dermatitis
  2. Sx: Itching, plaques on neck, scalp, ankles, forearms, genitals
  3. Tx: Top steroids, antihist
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7
Q

Papulosquamous Diseases x4

A
  1. Drug eruption
  2. Lichen planus
  3. Pityriasis rosea
  4. Psoriasis
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8
Q

Name

A

Lichen Planus

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9
Q

Name

  1. E
  2. PE
  3. Tx
A

Psoriasis

  1. E: immune system problem. Triggers include infections, stress, and cold.
  2. PE: Raised red-pink papules & palques, silvery scales, Auspitz sign (easy bleeding), Koebnar phenom (scratching leads to more lesions)
  3. Tx: Top steroids, coal tar, salicylic acid, top VitD, PUVA>UVB, Tazarotene gel, Methotrexate
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10
Q

Name

  1. E
  2. PE
  3. Tx
A

Pityriasis rosea

  1. E: maybe due to virus
  2. PE: Herald patch, salmon, x-mas tree
  3. Tx: Emollients, PO antihist (Benadryl) for itching, +/- antiviral
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11
Q

Verrucous lesions x 2

A
  1. Seborrheic keratosis
  2. Actinic Keratosis
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12
Q

Name

  1. E
  2. PE
  3. Tx
A

Seborrheic keratosis

  1. E: Benign plaques
  2. PE: Brown/black “stuck on,” warty surface, >50yo
  3. Tx: Nothing, excise, cryo
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13
Q

Name

  1. E
  2. PE
  3. Tx
A

Bullous pemphigoid

  1. E: Autoimm d/o
  2. PE: Bullae of large, tense, round, fluid-filled in axilla, thigh, groin
  3. Tx: PO Prednisone, Azathioprine (immsupp)
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14
Q

Keratosis

A
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15
Q

Neoplasms x 4

A
  1. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC)
  2. Kaposi sarcoma
  3. Melanoma
  4. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)
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16
Q

Name

  1. E
  2. PE
  3. Tx
A

BCC - MC skin CA (sun)

  1. PE: Slow growing, translucent pap/nod w depressed center & rolling edges, hx of scabbing or bleeding
  2. Tx: Excision, 5-FU, Electrodessication & curettage, Mohs
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17
Q

Name

  1. E
  2. PE
  3. Tx
A

SCC - 2nd MC skin CA that grows more quickly/aggressive than BCC

  1. PE: Firm, red, crustier
  2. Early: Bowen’s dz (CIS) or Keratoancanthoma
  3. Tx: Excision, Mohs
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18
Q

Name

  1. E
  2. PE
  3. Tx
A

Melanoma - Most deadly skin CA

  1. 4 subtypes: Superficial spreading > Lentigo maligna, acral lentiginous, nodular
  2. PE: Growth or change in a mole, ABCDE
  3. Tx: Excision w margins
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19
Q

Desquamation x3

A
  1. Erythema multiforme
  2. Steven-Johnson syndrome
  3. Toxic epidermal necrolysis
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20
Q

Name

  1. E
  2. PE
  3. Tx
A

Erythema multiforme

  1. E: Drugs (Sulfonamides, Phenytoin, PCN, Allopurinol), infx (herpes)
  2. Sx: Painful mucosal lesion, fever, weakness
  3. PE: Bullseye, macules/papules w vesicles/bullae, mucous membrane (major)
  4. Tx: PO steroids
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21
Q

Name

  1. E
  2. PE
  3. Tx
A

SJS (Steven-Johnson Syndrome) /TEN (Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis)

  1. E: Drug rxn (Sulfa, Tetra, Cephs, FQ, Phenytoin, Carbamazepine, steroids, Phenobarb, Allopurinol)
  2. Sx: Fever, ST, PO lesions (90%), red/necrotic skin
  3. Tx: Supportive care, IVF, IVIG

Front = SJS/ Back = TEN

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22
Q

Vesticular Bullae

A

Bullous pemphigoid

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23
Q

Name

  1. E
  2. PE
  3. Tx
A

Bullous pemphigoid

  1. E: Autoimm d/o
  2. PE: Bullae of large, tense, round, fluid-filled in axilla, thigh, groin
  3. Tx: PO Prednisone, Azathioprine (immsupp)
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24
Q

Acneiform lesions x 2

A
  1. Acne vulgaris
  2. Rosacea
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25
Name 1. E 2. PE 3. Tx
Rosacea 1. E: Flushing & telangiectasias in response to heat, EtOH, spicy foods 2. PE: F 30-50yo w small papulopustules on face 3. Tx: Dec triggers, Top Metro or Azelaic acid, PO Tetracycline or Isotretinoin (sev)
26
Name 1. E 2. PE 3. Tx
Acne vulgaris 1. E: Plugged follicles, comedones 2. Tx: Top Retinoids, Salicylic acid, BPO, Erythromycin, PO abx (Minocycline, Doxy, Tetra), Isotretinoin (dry eyes, mood swings, preg cat X, inc lipids & LFTs)
27
Bacterial Infections x4
Cellulitis Erysipelas Impetigo Folliculitis
28
Name x 3 1. E 2. PE 3. Tx
Folliculitis 1. E: S.aureus, Pseudo in hot tubs 2. PE: Erythematous papules or pustules 3. Tx: Gentle cleaning, top Clindamycin, Erythromycin, Mupirocin (MRSA) Furuncles & Carbuncles 1. "One furry uncle & lots" (deep follicular infx) 2. Furuncle (acute, deep-seated, red, hot tender nodule/abscess that evolved from folliculitis) 3. Carbuncle (deeper infection composed of interconnecting abscess usually several contiguous hair follicles) 4. E: S.aureus 5. PE: Boils, red, hard, hair-bearing areas 6. Tx: Warm/moist comp, I&D (w/ head), PO abx Abscess 1. Acute or chronic localized infection c tissue destruction 2. PE: Circumscribed collection of pus 3. Abx: PO Cephalosporin, Erythromycin
29
Name
Cellulitis
30
Name 1. E 2. PE 3. Tx
Erysipelas E: Strep or Staph PE: Painful macular rash w defined margins on face "fiery red" Tx: PO PCN, Amox, Eryth, Clinda
31
Name 1. E 2. PE Tx
Impetigo E: Strep or Staph via direct contact PE: Thick, yellow-golden honey colored crusted lesions Tx: Mupirocin ont
32
Viral Diseases x 6
Condyloma acuminatum Exanthems Herpes simplex Molluscum cantagiosum Varicella-zoster Cerrucae
33
Name 1. E 2. PE 3. Tx
Condyloma acuminate “genital warts” 1. E: HPV 6, 11; risk for cervical dysplasia (takes 7y) 2. Tx: Salicylic acid, cryo, Imiquimod, top Podophyllin, HPV vax
34
Name 1. E 2. PE 3. Tx
Verruace “Warts” 1. E: HPV 2, 4 2. PE: Raised, rough surface lesions on hands & feet 3. Tx: Spon remission, cryo, salicylic acid, top Podophyllin, Imiquimod
35
Name 1. E 2. PE 3. Tx
HSV 1. E: Remains latent in dorsal root ganglia (fever, stress, trauma) 2. Type I: Cold sores 3. Type II: Genital lesions (contact) 4. Tx: Acyclovir, Valacyclovir
36
Name 1. Sx 2. Tx
Herpes-Zoster/Shingles 1. Sx: Painful vesicles in dermatomal pattern 2. Tx: Antiviral (48-72h), Gabapentin, top Lidocaine, Amitriptyline, narcs
37
Name 1. E 2. PE 3. Tx
Varicella-Zoster/Chicken pox 1. E: Type of herpes virus 2. PE: Kids, Amish, vesicles "dewdrops on a rose petal," pustules that crust over 3. Tx: Sx, antivirals, vax
38
Name 1. E 2. PE 3. Tx
Molluscum contagiosum 1. E: Poxvirus via contact (kids, groin rubbing) 2. PE: Flesh-colored, waxy, dome-shaped, umbilicated papules 3. Tx: Self-limited, curettage, cryo, Imiquimod
39
Fungal Infections x 2
Candidiasis Dermatophyte infections
40
Name 1. E 2. PE 3. Tx
Verruace “Warts” 1. E: HPV 2, 4 2. PE: Raised, rough surface lesions on hands & feet 3. Tx: Spon remission, cryo, salicylic acid, top Podophyllin, Imiquimod
41
Insects/Parasites x3
1. Lice 2. Scabies 3. Spider bites
42
Name 1. E 2. PE 3. Tx
Scabies 1. E: Sarcoptes scabei (mite) 2. PE: Pruritic burrows, vesicles, nodules in web spaces of hands, feet, groin, excoriation, crusting 3. Dx: Eggs on scraping 4. Tx: Permethrin, Ivermectin, Lindane
43
Name 1. E 2. PE 3. Tx
Spider bites 1. Brown recluse: Pain after 3h w sx 4h, infarct of skin, blood coag 2. PE: Sinking macule, grayish w halo of inflam 3. Tx: Wound cleaning, analegsia
44
Name 1. E 2. PE 3. Tx
Lice/Pediculosis 1. E: Pediculus via contact 2. PE: Pruritus, excoriations, nits 3. Tx: Top Permethrin, Pyrethrin, Malathion, Ivermectin, Spinosad, Lindane
45
Hair + Nails x 3
1. Alopecia 2. Onychomycosis 3. Paronychia
46
Name 1. E 2. PE 3. Tx
Paronychia 1. Inflam of nail fold from dishwashers 2. Sx: Red, swelling, throbbing pain 3. Tx: Warm soaks, I&D, abx (Cephalexin, Bactrim)
47
Name 1. E 2. PE 3. Tx
Alopecia areata 1. Chronic imm-mediated d/o (OC, AC) 2. Assoc: Thyroiditis, pernicious anemia, Addison's dz 3. Tx: Top steroids \> Minoxidil, Anthralin (psoriasis)
48
Name 1. E 2. PE 3. Tx
Androgenetic alopecia 1. Male pattern baldness 2. Tx: Minoxidil, Finasteride, laser light therapy, surgery
49
Name 1. E 2. PE 3. Tx
Hidradenitis suppurativa 1. RF: Obesity, acne 2. Sx: Chronic skin condition, Inflam nodule (pea size) in aporcine gland area (armpit) not related to follicles 3. Tx: Intralesional Triamcinolone, I&D, PO abx/steroids
50
Name 1. E 2. PE 3. Tx
Dermatophytosis 1. Fungal infx - a group of fungi that invade and grow in dead keratin. 2. E: TEM (Trichophyton MC, Epidermophyton, Microsporum) 3. PE: Rash (red patch w fine scales) 4. Lab: +KOH 5. Tx: Antifungal cream bid x4w, PO antifung, NO STEROIDS
51
Name 1. E 2. PE 3. Tx
Tinea versicolor 1. E: Malassezia furfur (yeast) 2. PE: Hypo/hyper pigmented macules that don't tan 3. Dx: +KOH 4. Tx: Selenium sulfide shampoo \> PO Ketoconazole
52
Name 1. E 2. PE 3. Tx
Acanthosis nigricans 1. Hyperpig d/o 2. RF: Obesity, endocrine d/o 3. PE: Skin darkens & appears dirty, thick, velvety 4. Tx: None
53
Name 1. E 2. PE 3. Tx
Vitiligo 1. E: Destruction of melanocytes 2. Assoc: Thyroid dz, pernicious anemia, DM, Addisons 3. Tx: Sunscreen, UVB, repigmentation therapies
54
Name 1. E 2. PE 3. Tx
Melasma 1. Acquired hyperpig d/o of sun-exposed areas 2. Assoc: Prego or OC 3. Tx: 3% Hydroquinone soln w 0.025% Tretinoin gel, sunblock
55
Name 1. E 2. PE 3. Tx
Urticaria 1. Allergic rxn to drugs, food, cold, hot, stress 2. Sx: Itchy, beware of angioedema 3. PE: Hives, wheals 4. Tx: Antihist, steroids
56
Name 1. E 2. PE 3. Tx
Lipoma 1. Benign neoplasm of mature fat cells 2. Tx: Remove for comfort, can go away
57
Name 1. E 2. PE 3. Tx
Pressure Sore
58
CA summary
59
Dermatitis summary
60
HSV summary
61
Tinea summary 2
62
Tinea summary 1
63
Other summary
64
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