Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Y12 AS Biology > DNA replication > Flashcards

DNA replication Flashcards

1
Q

Why does DNA replicate?

A

So that each cell has the full amount of DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does semi-conservative replication produce?

A

A new DNA molecule which is half made up of the original DNA strand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What enzyme breaks the hydrogen bonds between the bases?

A

DNA helicase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What direction is the DNA made?

A

5’ to 3’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What direction is the DNA read?

A

3’ to 5’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is formed after the helicase enzymes work?

A

A replication fork

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How is a template for new DNA created?

A

The helix unwinding when the hydrogen bonds are broken

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the two strands called that are formed?

A

Leading strand

Lagging strand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What do primase enzymes do?

A

They add a primer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What strand do primase enzymes add RNA nucleotides to?

A

Leading strand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What enzyme adds DNA nucleotides to the leading strand after the RNA nucleotides have been added?

A

DNA polymerase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What bond is formed when the DNA nucleotides are added?

A

Phosphodiester

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does the RNA have to be added onto the lagging strand?

A

In fragments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the gaps called when the RNA is added onto the lagging strand?

A

Okazaki fragments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What enzyme fills in the Okazaki fragments and what with?

A

DNA polymerase

DNA nucleotides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What enzyme removes the RNA?

A

exonuclease

17
Q

What enzyme fills in all of the gaps to complete the lagging strand?

A

DNA polymerase

18
Q

What enzyme binds the two strands together?

A

DNA ligase

19
Q

Why can nucleotides only be added in a 5’ to 3’ direction? (4 marks)

A

1) DNA polymerase
2) Complimentary to the 3’ end of the strand
3) The active site of the enzyme only fits
4) when the DNA nucleotides are being added 5’ to 3’ direction

20
Q

What is the role of DNA polymerase in DNA replication?

A

Adds free DNA nucleotides to the complimentary exposed bases on the template strand

Y12 AS Biology (57 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions