electrolytes

Question 1

What does a “flat” T wave (or a u wave lookin) on ECG MEANS????

Answer 1

Hypokalemia!!!

Question 2

What does a TALL T wave on ECG means????

Answer 2

Hyperkalemia!!!

Question 3

What are the causes of Hypokalemia?

Answer 3

1. Loop diuretics: Lasix and Bumex
2. Severe diarrhea
3. ALCOHOL abuse
4. CHF/HTN (Hypertension)

Question 4

What are the S/S of Hypokalemia?

Answer 4

1. Weakness, flaccid
2. Decreased in DTR
3. Leg cramping
4. U waves on ECG
5. PVC on ECG, heart palpitations
6. Decreased Bowel sound, constipation

Question 5

What are the Treatments of Hypokalemia?

Answer 5

1. Food high in K+
2. Oral and parenteral K+
3. Pedialyte
4. Sports drink

Question 6

What are the nursing interventions for hypokalemia?

Answer 6

1. Monitor electrolytes
2. monitor vs
3. monitor cardiac rhythm
4. DILUTE K+ PO OR IV!!!

Question 7

What are the causes of Hyperkalemia?

Answer 7

1. Dehydration
2. K+ sparring diuretics
3. Renal failure
4. Acidosis
5. Tissue damage - burns!
6. Salt substitutes

Question 8

What are the s/s of Hyperkalemia?

Answer 8

1. Heart conduction abnormalities
2. Decreased DTR
3. Muscle twitching
4. Increased BS, diarrhea
5. CARDIAC ARREST!
6. (HIGH T wave on ECG)

Question 9

What are the treatments for Hyperkalemia?

Answer 9

1. Kayexalete
2. Insulin (moves k+ to the cell)
3. D50 (prevents hypoglycemia)
4. Sodium Bicarbonate
5. Diuretics!