Exam 2- 1/2 Flashcards
(49 cards)
tumor targeting antibodies
monoclonal antibody designed to target oncoproteins expressed by tumor cells and to cause an immune response that destroys cancer cells (target therapy)
immunomodulatory antibody
monoclonal antibodies specifically interacts with immuno-regulatory molecules, which elicits or restores an existing anti-cancer immune response
adoptive T cell transfer
treatment using host T cells to boost the natural ability of immune activity to fight cancer. T cells are isolated from the patients’ tumor and grown into large batches in the lab. these T cells are then infused into the patient body to enhance immune response against cancer cells
immunostimulatory cytokines
multiple functional proteins that play important roles in body’s immune responses and have the immune-regulator activity to control cancer cell growth. the 2 pain types of cytokines used to treat cancer are interferon alpha/beta and IL-2
cancer-therapeutic vaccines
APC with PAP/GM-CSF as the active component of the vaccine to stimulate immune response against cancer. sipuleucel-T is the first FDA approved therapeutic vaccine for prostate cancer treatment
innate immunity agonists
bacillus calmette-guerin (BCG): an innate immunity-stimulus used to treat bladder cancer. when inserted directly into the bladder with a catheter, BCG causes a strong innate immune/inflammatory response against cancer cells
monoclonal antibodies (mAbs)
produced from a single B lymphocyte, either from mouse, human or other species
murine mAbs
derived entirely from mouse, usually mouse hybridoma cells by the fusion of mouse myeloma cells with spleen B- cells
chimeric mAbs
molecularly constructed IgG with the variable regions derived from a murine source and constant region from human
humanized mAbs
molecularly constructed IgG with the antigen-binding sequences (CDRs) derived from a mouse and all others from human
human mAbs
derived entirely from a human source, currently by transgenic mice, phage display, human hybridoma and human B cell lines
therapeutic antibody MOAs
- naked therapeutic antibody.
- conjugated therapeutic antibody
- immuno-regulatory therapeutic antibody
- bispecific (dual targeting) antibody
naked therapeutic antibody
directly targets receptors or oncoproteins on cell surface of tumor cells to exert killing and growth inhibition effects
conjugated therapeutic antibody
targeting cell surface proteins for delivering highly potent cytotoxins or radioisotopes for tumor cell killing
immuno-regulatory therapeutic antibody
remove the inhibitory signals and restore T cell response to eliminate tumors (aka immune checkpoint therapy)
bispecific antibody
engage T cell CD3 and cellular markers on tumor cells to facilitate T cell-mediated tumor cytotoxicity
conjugated therapeutic antibodies are conjugated with
highly potent cytotoxins known as antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) (tubulin/DNA inhibitors) or radio-isotopes (iodine/yttrium)
maytansinoid & monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE)
tubulin inhibitors
calicheamicin
DNA inhibitor
tositumomab
iodine-131
ibritumomab
yttrium-137
ipilimumab
CTLA-4 inhbitor Yervoy human mAb melanoma ADRs: immune-mediated rxns
nivolumab and pembrolizumab
PD-1 inhibitor human mAb Opdivo melanoma squamous NSCLC ADRs: immune-mediated rxns
trastuzumab is specific to
HER2
aka Herceptin
humanized
