Feline Theriogenology

Question 1

Ovarian cysts will cause prolonged signs of estrus. How do you treat ovarian cysts?

Answer 1

• hCG or GnRH to luteinize
• OHE

Question 2

T/F: Some cats may cycle year round

Answer 2

True

Queens that live inside and are exposed to light may cycle year round

Question 3

Which of the following is not true regarding cat breeding?

• They are seasonally polyestrus
• They are induced ovulators
• Are short day breeders
• All of the above are true

Answer 3

Are short day breeders​

Question 4

________ is responsible for “Kitten Mortality Complex” and “Fading Kittens”

Answer 4

Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP)

Question 5

What is the treatment of choice for uterine prolapse in the queen?

Answer 5

manual reduction + OHE

Question 6

Age of puberty in cats varies due to seasonality. What is age range of puberty?

Answer 6

4-12 months

• Early season kittens may not reach puberty before the seasonal anestrus occurs
  
  • Will reach puberty the following season when they are a year old
• Late season kittens will mature through the seasonal anestrus
  
  • Increasing day length will trigger cyclicity, and they may be as young as 4 months

Question 7

FIV can be transmitted via milk or in utero. What percentage of kittens become infected with FIV if the queen is infected prior to conception?

Answer 7

~​70%

Question 8

When does the placenta contribute to the maintenance of pregnancy in the cat?

Answer 8

28-32 days

• Progesterone is elevated 30-40 ng/mL
  
  • The placenta will contribute to the maintenance of pregnancy starting around day 28-32 D

Question 9

This stage of the estrous cycle occurs when no ovulation has taken place in a queen (not mated):

Answer 9

Post-estrus (interestrus)

• Period between successive estrus periods if ovulation does not occur
• No luteal tissue on ovary – no progesterone
• No sexual receptivity
• Inter-estrus period 8-10 days until next receptivity

Question 10

Puberty is based on the ability of the hypothalamic neurons to produce sufficient ________

Answer 10

GnRH

Question 11

T/F: The queen is an induced ovulator

Answer 11

True

Cats require prior stimulation of the perineal region or of the vulva in order to ovulate

Question 12

When breeding takes place in the queen, there is a reflex release of ________ from pituitary

Answer 12

LH

Release of LH by the pituitary appears to be in part dependent on the duration of its prior exposure to estrogen

Question 13

Roughly when does puberty occur in the Tom?

Answer 13

~9 months or 3.5 kgs

Testosterone production leads to the formation of spines on the penis

Question 14

What is the gold standard test for pregnancy diagnosis in the queen?

Answer 14

Ultrasonography

• Confirms pregnancy, fetal viability information, inaccurate on count
• Can start at 14-15 days of pregnancy
• Heartbeat can be detected at day 20-25

Question 15

Testicular hypoplasia is most commonly seen in ________ and ________ cats

Answer 15

Testicular hypoplasia is most commonly seen in tortoise shell and calico cats

Question 16

Approximately how many breeding’s will ensure a 100% ovulation rate in cats?

Answer 16

Four

Question 17

What stage of the estrous cycle is the queen in when ovulation has occurred?

Answer 17

diestrus

Question 18

________ is responsible for cerebellar hypoplasia, abortion, stillbirth, and neonatal death

Answer 18

Feline Panleukopenia Virus

Question 19

What is the most common cause of dystocia in the queen?

Answer 19

primary uterine intertia

Question 20

Ovarian cysts will cause prolonged signs of estrus. How do you diagnose ovarian cysts?

Answer 20

vaginal cytology (cornified cells), estrogen levels, ultrasonography

Question 21

Mammary hyperplasia is usually seen in the young queen (pregnant or non-pregnant) under the influence of luteal P4.

This condition usually regresses after ________

Answer 21

luteolysis

Question 22

What hormone is commonly used for pregnancy diagnosis in the cat?

Answer 22

Relaxin

Relaxin is detectable at 25 days

Question 23

What newer test is available to test for ovarian remnant syndrome?

Answer 23

Anti-Mullerian Hormone

Question 24

Which of the following is not a typical behavior seen during estrus?

• Rolling over
• Treading with the back feet
• Vocalization
• Ears pinned back

Answer 24

Ears pinned back

Question 25

What cause of abortion will likely show no clinical signs in the queen other than maybe nasal discharge?

Answer 25

**Feline Herpesvirus** *Causes abortion and placental necrosis*

Question 26

T/F: The queen is a long day seasonal breeder

Answer 26

**True**

Question 27

What is the single most important prognostic factor for mammary neoplasia in cats?

Answer 27

**Size** *Better survival times if tumor is less than 2cm in size*

Question 28

Name three major teratogens in cats:

Answer 28

* **Glucocorticoids** * **Griseofulvin** (antifungal drug) * **Panleukopenia virus**

Question 29

What is the treatment of choice for _retained placenta_ in the queen?

Answer 29

**Oxytocin**

Question 30

Absence of motility in the sperm in the semen is termed:

Answer 30

**azoospermia**

Question 31

Feline herpesvirus causes pregnancy losses in queens. Which one of the following signs is typically detected? * Cerebellar hypoplasia * Resorption * Abortion * Kitten mortality complex, fading kittens

Answer 31

**Abortion**

Question 32

When diagnosing pregnancy in the cat at 16-30 days, what should you feel on abdominal palpation?

Answer 32

**"String of Pearls"**

Question 33

T/F: Mammary neoplasia is the most common tumor in the cat

Answer 33

**False** * Mammary neoplasia is the 3^rd most common tumor in the cat. These tumors are usually malignant and at high risk of metastasis.* * Intact cats are 7x more likely to develop mammary tumors*

Question 34

What is the typical duration of pregnancy in the queen?

Answer 34

**~65 days**

Question 35

Psuedopregnancy in the queen lasts ~\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ days

Answer 35

**40-45 days** * *Non-fertile mating* * *Spontaneous ovulation occasionally occurs*

Question 36

What is the most common cause of ascending uterine infection in middle aged cats?

Answer 36

***E. coli***