FR: Loire Flashcards

Question

Savennieres exposure and soil type

Answer 1

Steep southern exposure, blue schist and volcanic soils

Answer 2

on banks of Layon river, sandstone and schist soils. very favorable for dessert wines: grapes are on exposed, sunny slopes, rainfall is lower than in surrounding areas, temperatures are slightly higher, and Layon river offers humidity that helps foster botrytis min 34 g/l RS (221g must weight) - SGN - min 323 g/l must weight - with village designation: 54 g/l (238g must weight) - Chaume 1er cru: min 80 g/l (272g must weight) no chaptalization for SGN or 1er cru. hand harvested max 35hl/ha village: 30hl/ha 1er: 25 hl/ha (Anjou Saumur)

Answer 3

Soft tuffeau limestone

Answer 4

Domaine du Collier Domaine Guiberteau Clos Rougeard Arnaud Lambert Domaine de Saint-Jean

Answer 5

Clau du Nell Richard Leroy

Answer 6

Vouvray Jasnieres (Chenin) Montlouis sur Loire (Chenin) Cour-Cheverny (romarantin)

Answer 7

Touraine- all wines are blends whites: SB and SG red & rosé: PN and Gamay

Answer 8

Touraine 100% Romarantin (Pinot x Gouais Blanc) sec: up to 8 g/l RS off dry: more than 8g, may not be chaptalized

Answer 9

Touraine, south of Vouvray. same yellow tuffeau Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc Vin Mousseux/Pétillant Vin Mousseux à Fermentation Unique (ancestral method- must be disgorged. 9m ees)

Answer 10

Loire Valley, Touraine, 100 % Chenin blanc sec: up to 8 g/l RS blanc: 12 or more g/l RS

Answer 11

Min 95% Chenin, max 5% Orbois vin blanc and mousseaux / pétillant (12m total aging) Vouvray AC only defines sec - up to 8 g/l RS otherwise, defers to EU standards: Demi-Sec / Sec Tendre: up to 12 (17? 18?) g/l Moelleux: 12 (17? 18?) -45 Doux: over 45 g/l soil: yellow tuffeau limestone. some vineyards directly on it, other have a flint-clay topsoil (known locally as perruches)

Answer 12

slopes in Vouvray with flint-clay topsoil, "perruches", over yellow tuffeau limestone. steep, rocky, "grand cru" of Vouvray best sites, closest to the river. south facing. Huet: Le Mont, Le Bourg, Le Haut-Lieu are here

Answer 13

In Touraine. Rose: Historical style of vin gris made from Meunier and Pinot Gris Principal Variety: Greater than 50% Meunier Complementary Varieties: Pinot Gris, Pinot Noir

Answer 14

Vouvray Chinon Bourgueil St. Nic de Bourgueil

Answer 15

Huet: Le Haut Lieu, Le Mont, Clos du Bourg Clos Naudin (Foreau) Les Perruches Les Ruettes

Answer 16

in Touraine, south of the Loire. vineyards on banks of Vienne River white from 100% Chenin reds: Cab Franc majority. Plantings: max 10% CS

Answer 17

Tuffeau- on the slopes, best sites Varennes- sandy alluvial on banks of Vienne river Clay- tops of hills generally

Answer 18

sandy alluvial soil on banks of Vienne river (Chinon)

Answer 19

notable vineyards: Le Clos de l’Olive, Le Chêne Vert, and La Croix Boissée

Answer 20

Soft tuffeau limestone Perruches: Clay/flint topsoils

Answer 21

soft limestone soil in the Loire (Saumur, Chinon, Vouvray). It is porous and well draining. Many of the buildings there are constructed from it

Answer 22

François Chidaine (but based in Montlouis sur Loire) Champalou Huet Philippe Foreau Domaine Clos Naudin Domaine Pichot

Answer 23

Charles Joguet Bernard Baudry Olga Raffault Couly Dutheil Domaine de Pallus Clos des Capucins

Answer 24

Pouilly Fumé (SB) Quincy (SB) Pouilly sur Loire (Chasselas)

Answer 25

Central Vineyards blanc 100% Sauvignon Blanc soils: Kimmeridgian marl, Oxfordian limestone (caillottes), flint (silex), clay-siliceous soils producers: Dagueneau is based here, but labels VDF, Alphonse Mellot, Chateau de Tracy, La Doucette

Answer 26

Central Vineyards Chasselas

Answer 27

Central Vineyards Red 100% Cabernet Franc

Answer 28

Orléans Clery AOP (cabernet franc) Châteaumeillant is red and rosé

Answer 29

Central Vineyards. Wines of all 3 colors from Sauvignon Blanc and Pinot Noir

Answer 30

Central Vineyards Wines of all 3 colors from Chardonnay, Meunier, Pinot Noir PG accessory for blanc and rosé

Answer 31

Central Vineyards Wines of all 3 colors from Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Gris, Pinot Noir

Answer 32

Les Montes Damnes (Dagueneau, Cotat) Grand Côte (Cotat) Clos la Néore (Vatan, within Montes Damnes) Le Chêne Marchand La Moussiere (Mellot) - huge Cul de Beaujeu

Answer 33

Silex (flinty) Terres Blances (Kimmeridgian marls of clay and limestone) Caillottes (limestone pebbles with fossils) Griottes: (clay + Oxfordian limestone pebbles)

Answer 34

Terres Blanche: Kimmeridian marl with clay/limestone (Chavignol)

Answer 35

Caillottes - aka Oxfordian limestone (Bué)

Answer 36

hamlet west of Sancerre terres blanche, kimmeridgean Les Monts Damnés Cul de Beujeu Côte d’Amigny (aka La Côte, Grand Côte) Gerard Boulay, Pascal Cotat, Francois Cotat, Vatan

Answer 37

Kimmeridgian marls of clay and limestone Sancerre

Answer 38

limestone pebbles with fossils Sancerre

Answer 39

Communes of Production: Bué, Bannay, Sancerre (Chavignol is here) ... there are more Blanc: 100% Sauvignon Blanc Rosé: 100% Pinot Noir Rouge: 100% Pinot Noir Principle Soils: Terres Blanches, Caillottes, Silex most vineyards at 200-300 m elevation. highest point is 353 m, La Cuesta

Answer 40

Alphonse Mellot Daniel Chotard Sylvain Bailly Lucien Crochet Edmond Vatan / Clos la Néore Henri Bourgeois Domaine Vacheron Vincent Gaudry Francois Cotat Gerard Boulay

Answer 41

highest point in Sancerre, at 353 m

Answer 42

Coteaux du Layon

Answer 43

Domaine Huet; botrytised, hand-picked dessert wine from 3 estate vineyards.

Answer 44

min 10% abv, min 11% with subzone designation wine kept on lees until at least March 1 of the year following the harvest bottled directly off its fine lees between March 1 and December 31 of the year following the harvest, and not marketed until at least March 8 vines min 6 years Granite soil max 55 hl/ ha. with subzone: 45 hl/ha accounts for more than 70% of plantings

Answer 45

Subzones: Clisson, Gorges, Le Pallet, Goulaine, Mouzillon-Tillières, Monnières-Saint-Fiacre, Château-Thébaud *note* wines labeled by subzone may not include "sur lie" on the label

Answer 46

Crus Communaux, or communal crus these were est in 2011, and the first were Clisson, Le Pallet and Gorges.

Answer 47

AOP without subzone indication: lees until March 1 yr following harvest, bottled by Dec 1 yr following harvest.

Answer 48

Clisson: Granite Gorges: Clay and gabbro (igneous rock) Mouzillon-Tillières: Gabbro Le Pallet: Gneiss, quartz, and gabbro Goulaine: Gneiss, schist Monnières-Saint-Fiacre: Gneiss Château-Thébaud: Gneiss

Answer 49

Domaine Huet

Answer 50

in Touraine- same requirements for both. on northern bank of Loire, protected from northerly winds by a forest. threats are frost and drought Rose & Red: CF majority. max plantings 10% Cab Sauv tuffeau clay soils - best sites Most of St-Nicolas and part of Bourgueil on alluvial terrace max 55 hl/ha

Answer 51

Catherine & Pierre Breton Gauthier Pere et Fils

Answer 52

Savenniere monopole: Coulée de Serrant AOP Also make Clos de la Bergerie in Roche aux Moins

Answer 53

Les Poyeaux Le Bourg Breze Le Clos- 15 plots in Saumur Champigny

Answer 54

DRY whites from Chenin DRY Red and Rose: CF with CS and Pineau d'Aunis Saumur "Puy Notre-Dame": CF w/ max. 15% CS Sparkling white based on Chenin Sparkling rose based on CF Saumur Mousseaux is also known as Fines Bulles chalky limestone tuffeau soils Breze vineyard is here lots of sparkling production around the town of Saumur

Answer 55

rouge only Cabernet Franc with max. 15% combined CS and Pineau d'Aunis name derives from the Latin campus ignis (field of fire). warm- protected by forest of Fontevraud to the south, and rivers Thouet and Loire soil: clay, tuffeau, limestone = good water retention and drainage producers: Clos Rougeard, Chateau Yvonne, Thierry Germain Domaine des Roches Neuves

Answer 56

gneiss, granite, gabbro, amphibolite, mica schist, and many others

Answer 57

Muscadet AOP- as of 2020

Answer 58

Claude Branger Dom de la Pepiere Dom de Bellevue Luneau Papin Metaireau

Answer 59

Pineau de la Loire

Answer 60

100% Chenin Blanc min 12 months aging

Answer 61

tuffeau blanc: chalkier, firmer. used for buildings tuffeau jaune (yellow): softer, sandier, in the Loire's finest Cabernet Franc vineyards, in Saumur

Answer 62

Val du Loire- most important also: Côtes de la Charité, Coteaux de Tannay, Coteaux du Cher et de l’Arnon, and Puy de Dôme.

Answer 63

covers NW France. It is the remains of the giant Hercynian range of mountains from the Precambrian era. These old rocks form the basis of the soils of Muscadet and other appellations of the Nantais region and the western half of Anjou, including Savennières. This area is known as the Anjou Noir (or Black Anjou) because of the dark soils that characterize the Armorican Massif. Granite, gneiss, multicolored schist, slate, and pudding stones are found here.

Answer 64

in the North: Anjou Noir is on the Massif Armoricain - granite, gneiss, schist, slate In the south and west: Anjou Blanc marks the beginning of the Paris Basin - soft, chalky Cretaceous limestone

Answer 65

2021, 2019, 2017, 2016

Answer 66

Maine, Sèvre Nantaise in Pays Nantais Layon, L'Aubance in Anjou (south) Sarthe, Loir, Mayenne in Anjou (north) Thouet in Saumur Vienne, Indre, Cher in Touraine

Answer 67

With higher temperatures early in the season, the vine’s growing cycle has shifted, so budbreak is earlier. As a result, when the spring frosts strike—as they have always done, to a greater or lesser extent—the vine is far more advanced than it would have been in years past and the losses more consequent.

Answer 68

candles/ chaufrettes- not environmentally friendly aspersion- water-spraying at night is an effective solution, wind can interfere - Frost fans - heated electric wires positioned along the training wires in the canopy- very expensive - pruning later, pruning longer, pruning twice, or any combination of these. Such adaptations are expensive and time consuming but appear to mitigate losses, at least in part.

Answer 69

- Frost (Chenin is early budding and especially susceptible to frost damage) - Heat/ drought: irrigation is prohibited here - warmer weather and more humidity = powdery mildew a constant threat - botrytis- SB has small berries and tightly packed bunches - eutypa dieback, esca

Answer 70

allows up to 10% Chardonnay cannot say "sur lie" on the label as of 2020 max 70hl/ha

Answer 71

this and Anjou Villages- red from both Cab Franc and Cab Sauv Brissac max 50 hl/ha Villages max 55 hl/ha Anjou Brissac is centered around the Aubance River area just south of Angers. It covers the same 120-hectare area as the sweet wine appellation Coteaux de l’Aubance.

Answer 72

in Anjou. follow the Aubance river, which runs parallel to the Layon 100% Chenin Blanc: 238 g/l SGN: 323 g/l min 34 g/l RS ** note - Coteaux de Saumur is same requirements

Answer 73

Nicolas Joly Domaine de Baumard Domaine de la Bergerie Thibaud Boudignon

Answer 74

Chenin Blanc, Chardonnay, Orbois, Cabernet Franc, Grolleau, Grolleau Gris, Pinot Noir. Max. 30% combined Cabernet Sauvignon and Pineau d'Aunis min 9 months lees, 12 months total aging min 4 atm *must be hand harvested* spreads across Anjou-Saumur and Touraine

Answer 75

- mostly white production, from SB, with up to 40% Sauvignon Gris. - Reds are 60% Cabernet Franc, which may be blended with Gamay, Pinot Noir, and Merlot. - some rose made from CF, Gamay, PN Saumur, south of Chinon

Answer 76

geographic designations: Amboise, Mesland, Azay-le-Rideau, Oisly, Chenonceaux

Answer 77

- whites: majority SB with SG - rose: must be blend, loire red grapes - reds: min 50% Cot, unless vineyard is west of Tours- then CF is majority. - varietal Gamay (min 85%) - sparkling Azay, Mesland, Amboise- whites are based on Chenin

Answer 78

Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc Rosé: min. 70% Cot with Gamay Rouge: 100% Cot

Answer 79

Blanc: majority Chenin Rosé: majority Gamay Rouge: must be blend

Answer 80

Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc Rosé: majority grolleau

Answer 81

Blanc: 100% Sauvignon Blanc

Answer 82

Blanc: 100% Sauvignon Blanc Rouge: 60-80% Cot

Answer 83

most vineyards between Loire and Cher rivers. tuffeau, sand, clay, flint, alluvial soils

Answer 84

Central Vineyards, north of Sancerre mostly white from SB rose and reds are PN / Gamay blends

Answer 85

whites from Chradonnay, Pinot Gris reds from PN

Answer 86

Central France- along Allier River (tributary to Loire), south of Sancerre Whites are from Chardonnay and Tressallier (also known as Sacy) Rosés are 100% Gamay reds must be blends of Pinot Noir and Gamay.

Answer 87

Central France, south of Saint-Pourcain. volcanic soils whites from Chardonnay (only one in Loire!) reds and roses from Gamay with PN

Answer 88

Central France, east of Côtes d'Auvergne. named for Forez mountains red and rose from 100% Gamay

Answer 89

Central France red and rose form 100% Gamay

Answer 90

Goulaine and Le Pallet: Wines must be aged on their fine lees until at least April 1 of the second year following the harvest Gorges, Clisson, Mouzillon-Tillières, Monnières-Saint-Fiacre, and Château-Thébaud: Wines must be aged on their fine lees until at least October 1 of the second year following the harvest

Answer 91

french term for smoky gunflint aroma (Sancerre)

Answer 92

est 1982, based in Pouilly Fumé. Vineyards: Buisson Ménard, Clos du Calvaire (La Folie, Le Bois de Saint Andélain, Les Coques), Les Mont Damnés (in Sancerrre) developed the cigare barrel- longer and slimmer than a typical barrel, designed to increase lee contact for their top cuvées

Answer 93

Saumur! second only to Champagne in the countryy

Answer 94

Savennieres Coule de Serrant - Nicolas Joly Chateau Grillet - François Pinault Romanée Conti, La Tache - DRC La Grande Rue- F Lamarche La Romanée- Liger Belair Clos de Tart

Answer 95

Clos Papillon - most important. Domaine des Baumard and Domaine du Closel both make wine here

Answer 96

Partially shielded by Pilat mountain range East Anjou blanc: tuffeau, chalk: Saumur & Champigny West Anjou noir: Schist, slate, volcanic: Savennieres, QdC, Anjou Villages

Answer 97

Anjou-Villages Anjou-Villages Brissac Saumur-Champigny allow red: Anjou, Haut Poitou, Saumur

Answer 98

Orleans Orleans Clery (red only!) Sancerre Menetou-Salon Reuilly Coteaux du Giennois Châteaumeillant

Answer 99

Coteaux du Layon: 35 hl/ha Coteaux du Layon Chaume 1er: 25 hl/ha Coteaux du Layon (with other village designation): 30 hl/ha

Answer 100

max 20 hl/ha (25 prior to 2011)

Answer 101

around lake of Grandlieu, soils are limestone, granite, gravel

Answer 102

Muscadet Sevre et Maine, at around 7800 ha

Answer 103

10% 11% with subzone designation

Answer 104

wine kept on lees until at least March 1 yr after harvest. bottled directly off its lees between March 1st and December 31st. not marketed until at least March 8th

Answer 105

Goulaine and Le Pallet: Wines must be aged on their fine lees until at least **April 1** of the second year following the harvest Gorges, Clisson, Mouzillon-Tillières, Monnières-Saint-Fiacre, and Château-Thébaud: Wines must be aged on their fine lees until at least **October 1** of the second year following the harvest

Answer 106

Coteaux d'Ancenis (Gamay max 10% CF) Fiefs Vendéens

Answer 107

Nantais 1570 Anjou and Saumur 1420 Touraine 1395 Central Vineyards 1372

Answer 108

central vineyards red and rose from 60% Gamay and PN

Answer 109

touraine blanc 100% Chenin rose/red: min. 65% Pineau d'Aunis

Answer 110

touraine Blanc: Chenin Blanc, plus max. 20% Chardonnay Rosé (Vin Gris): 100% Pineau d'Aunis Rouge: Min. 50% Pineau d'Aunis, 10-40% Pinot Noir, 10-40% Cabernet Franc, max. 20% Gamay

Answer 111

touraine whites based on SB rose/ rouge: gamay with PN

Answer 112

Layon - marks change from anjou noir to anjou blanc Aubance

Answer 113

natural wine festival of Saumur- world's largest

Answer 114

DRY: Rose de Loire AOP (max 3) Touraine Noblé Joue (max 4) OFF DRY: Rosé d'Anjou (min 7) Cabernet d'Anjou (min 10)

Answer 115

village of Bué, in Sancerre. south facing vineyard site Sylvain Bailly Lucien Crochet François Crochet Pascal Jolivet

Answer 116

Savennieres Dom du Closel Dom des Baumard Domaine des Forges

Answer 117

Cabernet d'Anjou - one in 10 Loire wines is from here. Only AOP in France for rosé tendre (off dry).

Answer 118

Crémant de Loire Anjou Saumur Touraine Vouvray Montlouis sur Loire

Answer 119

brioverian schists puddingstone siliceous rocks volcanic

Answer 120

QdC grand cru Chaume premier cru both in 2011

Answer 121

YES: Ctx du Layon, Bonnezeaux, Anjou Ctx de la Loire, Ctx de l'Aubance NO: QDC, Ctx du Layon Chaume 1er, Ctx de Saumur

Answer 122

yellow limestone and clay Chinon

Answer 123

Maritime 1b 29 inches annually 13 inches growing season

Answer 124

1000 km 620 miles

Answer 125

the Villages AOP was created to provide a more restrictive, more location-specific complement to Anjou Rouge- for finer red wines

Answer 126

Val de Loire - around 9% of Loire production Others together are about .2%: Côtes de la Charité Coteaux de Tannay Coteaux du Cher et de l’Arnon Puy de Dôme

Answer 127

Côteaux du Vendômois (Pineau d'Aunis) Reuilly (Pinot Gris)

Answer 128

a regulation states that wines bottled outside the borders of Vouvray AOC cannot be labeled with that appellation. these are: Baudoin (Vin de France): Sourced from Clos de Baudoin. Inaugural vintage 2002. Bouchet (Vin de France): Sourced from Le Bouchet. Typically demi-sec or moelleux.

Answer 129

around the 5th century

Answer 130

Dom. de la Taille Aux Loups (Jacky Blot) Le Rocher des Violettes Francois Chidaine

Answer 131

generally good overall, high quality balanced wines. early starts to harvests

Answer 132

CHALLENGING lots of rain and not a lot of sun created mildew problems. reduced yields, coulure

Answer 133

rain and heatwaves, mildew and rot, but no frost issue. Early september heatwave followed by heavy rains. generally lower alcohol early ripening Muscadet did well- was able to be picked before rain. Sancerre had a dry July & Aug so Sept rains helped finish ripening Touraine & Anjou: very dry then very wet. mildew and rot

Answer 134

warm, ripe vintage with autumn rains. excellent quality.

Answer 135

difficult- frosts, heavy rain, and hail. lots of acid, lower alcohol. small crop some said return to a more 'classic' style but overall not great

Answer 136

overall good 2015- 2020 were all great quality- a historically long run of good vintages

Answer 137

frost and some heat stress lowered yields quite a bit whites had good acidity though and wines were good overall

Answer 138

large crop and good weather all year streak of rain affected areas producing Sauvignon Blanc, causing some disease pressure; very little noble rot, but good ripeness overall

Answer 139

severe spring frost lowered yields but then dry warm after. wines were good quality

Answer 140

spring frost lowered yields by around 50%. lots of rain then draught. wines had good acidity (not to hot)

Answer 141

growing season was hot and dry, solid overall. slightly less acid than usual

Answer 142

2010 good but 11-14 all bad 2014: hail in Vouvray, rainy and grey overall 2013: hail in Vouvray, difficult 2012: difficult, frost & rain 2011: warm spring, cool wet summer, lower yields, variable quality 2010: warm and dry, late-harvest Chenins best since 1997

Answer 143

translates to 'coming from the Loire' but refers to a style- refreshing, light, balanced, not too high alcohol or too much oak

FR: Loire Flashcards

(172 cards)