1
Q
chron·ic
adj
\ˈkrä-nik\
A
- ADJ (疾病、残疾)慢性的，长期的 (Compare 比较 acute. ) A chronic illness or disability lasts for a very long time.
…chronic back pain.
慢性背痛
chronically: Most of them were chronically ill.他们多数人患有慢性病。 - ADJ 难以根除的;积习难改的 You can describe someone’s bad habits or behaviour as chronic when they have behaved like that for a long time and do not seem to be able to stop themselves.
Anyone who does not believe that smoking is an addiction has never been a chronic smoker.
不相信抽烟能上瘾的人肯定不是老烟民。
…a chronic worrier.
总是忧心忡忡的人 - ADJ (局势或问题)严重的，顽固的 A chronic situation or problem is very severe and unpleasant.
One cause of the artist’s suicide seems to have been chronic poverty…
那位艺术家自杀的一个原因似乎是极端贫困。
There is a chronic shortage of patrol cars in this police district.
这个治安辖区严重缺乏巡逻车辆。
chronically: Research and technology are said to be chronically underfunded.据说为研究和技术方面提供的经费严重不足。
2
Q
chron·i·cle
noun
\ˈkrä-ni-kəl\
A
- VERB 按时间顺序记述(或播放) To chronicle a series of events means to write about them or show them in broadcasts in the order in which they happened.
The series chronicles the everyday adventures of two eternal bachelors.
这个系列剧按照时间顺序记述了两个老光棍每天的奇遇。
chronicler: …the chronicler of the English civil war.记述英国内战的编年史家 - N-COUNT 编年(史);大事年表 A chronicle is an account or record of a series of events.
…this vast chronicle of Napoleonic times.
这套大部头的拿破仑时代编年史 - N-IN-NAMES (有时用于报纸名称中) Chronicle is sometimes used as part of the name of a newspaper.
…the San Francisco Chronicle.
《旧金山纪事报》
3
Q
chro·nol·o·gy
noun
\krə-ˈnä-lə-jē\
A
- N-UNCOUNT 年代顺序 The chronology of a series of past events is the times at which they happened and the order in which they happened.
She gave him a factual account of the chronology of her brief liaison.
她把自己一时出轨的先后经过一五一十地告诉了他。 - N-COUNT 年表;事件发生顺序表 A chronology is an account or record of the times and the order in which a series of past events took place.
The second part of Duffy’s book is a detailed chronology of the Reformation.
达菲这本书中的第二部分按时间顺序对宗教改革运动进行了详细记录。
4
Q
churn
noun
\ˈchərn\
A
- N-COUNT (制作黄油的)搅乳器 A churn is a container which is used for making butter.
- VERB 搅动，搅起，扰动(水、泥浆、灰尘) If something churns water, mud, or dust, it moves it about violently.
Ferries churn the waters of Howe Sound from Langdale to Horseshoe Bay.
渡船搅起豪湾的海水，从兰代尔驶向霍斯舒湾。
…unsurfaced roads now churned into mud by the annual rains.
如今被一年一度的雨季搅得非常泥泞的土路面
Churn up means the same as churn .churn up 同 churn - V-ERG （使）反胃;恶心;(使)作呕 If you say that your stomach is churning, you mean that you feel sick. You can also say that something churns your stomach.
My stomach churned as I stood up…
我站起来时胃里直翻腾。
I don’t enjoy having a churning stomach but if you are going to win tournaments, you must go through it.
我并不喜欢胃里翻江倒海的，但是要想赢得锦标赛，就得闯过这一关。
相关词组：churn out, churn up
5
Q
cin·der
noun
\ˈsin-dər\
A
n.煤渣； 炭渣； 煤渣路； 煤渣跑道
— cin·dery -d(ə-)rē\ adjective
Cinders from the campfire floated through the air.
6
Q
cir·ca·di·an
adj
\sər-ˈkā-dē-ən\
A
adj.<生理>昼夜节奏的，生理节奏的 (即大约每天一次的)
7
Q
cir·cle
noun, often attributive
\ˈsər-kəl\
A
- N-COUNT 圆;圆形;圆圈 A circle is a shape consisting of a curved line completely surrounding an area. Every part of the line is the same distance from the centre of the area.
The flag was red, with a large white circle in the center…
旗子是红色的，中央有个白色大圆圈。
I wrote down the number 46 and drew a circle around it.
我写下46这个数字，又画了个圆将它圈起来。 - N-COUNT 圆形物;圆片;圆块 A circle of something is a round flat piece or area of it.
Cut out 4 circles of pastry.
切出四块圆形油酥面饼。
…a circle of yellow light.
圆形黄光区 - N-COUNT 一圈（物体或人） A circle of objects or people is a group of them arranged in the shape of a circle.
The monument consists of a circle of gigantic stones…
纪念碑由一圈巨石组成。
We stood in a circle holding hands.
我们站成一圈，手牵着手。 - VERB 包围;围绕;环绕 If something circles an object or a place, or circles around it, it forms a circle around it.
This is the ring road that circles the city.
这是环绕市区的环路。
…the long curving driveway that circled around the vast clipped lawn.
围绕着大片修剪过的草坪的长长的弧形车道 - VERB (在上空)盘旋，绕圈子 If an aircraft or a bird circles or circles something, it moves round in a circle in the air.
The plane circled, awaiting permission to land…
飞机在天上盘旋，等候着陆许可。
There were two helicopters circling around.
有两架直升机在空中盘旋。 - VERB 围绕…移动;绕着…转圈 To circle around someone or something, or to circle them, means to move around them.
Emily kept circling around her mother…
埃米莉围着她妈妈转个不停。
The silent wolves would track and circle them.
悄无声息的群狼会跟踪并包围他们。 - VERB 在…上画圈;将…圈起来 If you circle something on a piece of paper, you draw a circle around it.
Circle the correct answers on the coupon below.
将下面参赛券上的正确答案圈出来。 - N-COUNT (指朋友或有相同兴趣或职业的人组成的)圈子，界 You can refer to a group of people as a circle when they meet each other regularly because they are friends or because they belong to the same profession or share the same interests.
He has a small circle of friends…
他的朋友圈子很小。
Alton has made himself fiercely unpopular in certain circles.
奥尔顿把自己搞得在某些圈子里极其不受欢迎。 - N-SING (剧院、影院的)楼厅包厢 In a theatre or cinema, the circle is an area of seats on the upper floor.
- See also: Arctic Circle
- PHRASE 兜了一圈回到原地;循环 If you say that you have come full circle or have turned full circle, you mean that after a long series of events or changes the same situation that you started with still exists.
We’ve come full circle and dark-blue jeans are once again the height of style.
风水轮流转，时下最流行的又是深蓝色牛仔裤了。 - PHRASE 在原地兜圈子;原地踏步;毫无进展 If you say that someone is going round in circles or around in circles, you mean that they are not achieving anything because they keep coming back to the same point or problem.
8
Q
cir·cu·la·tion
noun
\ˌsər-kyə-ˈlā-shən\
A
- N-COUNT (报纸、杂志的)发行量，销售量 The circulation of a newspaper or magazine is the number of copies that are sold each time it is produced.
The Daily News once had the highest circulation of any daily in the country…
《每日新闻报》的发行量曾位居全国所有日报之首。
The paper has proved unable to maintain its circulation figures.
事实证明这家报纸难以维持其发行量。 - N-UNCOUNT 血液循环 Your circulation is the movement of blood through your body.
Anyone with heart, lung or circulation problems should seek medical advice before flying.
有心肺疾病或血液循环问题的人在乘坐飞机前应寻求医生建议。
…cold spots in the fingers caused by poor circulation.
血液循环不畅导致的手指上的冻疮 - See also: circulate
- PHRASE (货币等)流通/不流通/退出流通 If something such as money is in circulation, it is being used by the public. If something is out of circulation or has been withdrawn from circulation, it is no longer available for use by the public.
The supply of money in circulation was drastically reduced overnight.
流通领域的货币供应量一夜骤减。
…a society like America, with perhaps 180 million guns in circulation.
像美国这样一个约有1.8亿支枪流散在外的社会 - PHRASE (一段时间)不出现在公共场合，不参加社交活动;坐牢;服刑 If someone is out of circulation, they do not appear in public or at social gatherings for a period of time. You can also say that someone is out of circulation when they are in prison.
Political trials were being used to keep prominent activists out of circulation…
通过对著名活动家进行政治审判使其从公众视线中消失。
I had been out of circulation for a month and knew that many friends would be there.
我有一个月深居简出，不过我知道许多朋友正等着我。
9
Q
cir·cum·fer·ence
noun
\sə(r)-ˈkəm(p)-fərn(t)s\
A
- N-UNCOUNT (圆、地方、圆状物的)周长 The circumference of a circle, place, or round object is the distance around its edge.
…a scientist calculating the earth’s circumference…
计算地球周长的科学家
The island is 3.5 km in circumference.
这个岛周长3.5千米。 - N-UNCOUNT (圆、地方、圆状物的)边缘，周缘 The circumference of a circle, place, or round object is its edge.
Cut the salmon into long strips and wrap it round the circumference of the bread.
把鲑鱼切成长条，缠裹在面包上。
— cir·cum·fer·en·tial -ˌkəm(p)-fə-ˈren(t)-shəl\ adjective
10
Q
cir·cum·scribe
verb
\ˈsər-kəm-ˌskrīb\
A
- VERB 约束;制约;限制 If someone’s power or freedom is circumscribed, it is limited or restricted.
The army evidently fears that, under him, its activities would be severely circumscribed…
军方显然担心在他的领导下，其活动将受到严重制约。
There are laws circumscribing the right of individual citizens to cause bodily harm to others.
有多项法律限制公民的权利，使其不得对他人进行人身伤害。
11
Q
cir·cum·spect
adj
\ˈsər-kəm-ˌspekt\
A
- ADJ-GRADED 小心的;谨慎的;谨言慎行的 If you are circumspect, you are cautious in what you do and say and do not take risks.
The banks should have been more circumspect in their dealings…
那些银行在交易中本该更加谨慎的。
You seem to be implying, in your usual circumspect manner, that perhaps it might not be a wonderful idea.
你好像正以你一贯谨言慎行的方式暗示，那个主意也许不怎么样。
circumspectly: I would suggest that for the time being you behave as circumspectly as possible in political matters.我建议，目前在政治事务上你还是尽量小心为妙。
— cir·cum·spec·tion \ˌsər-kəm-ˈspek-shən\ noun
— cir·cum·spect·ly \ˈsər-kəm-ˌspek(t)-lē\ adverb
12
Q
cir·cum·vent
verb
\ˌsər-kəm-ˈvent\
A
- VERB 规避，逃避(规则或限制) If someone circumvents a rule or restriction, they avoid having to obey the rule or restriction, in a clever and perhaps dishonest way.
Military planners tried to circumvent the treaty.
军事策略家们企图绕开这一条约。
circumvention: America won’t countenance any such circumvention of the sanctions.美国不会赞成任何规避制裁的行为。 - VERB 躲避，回避(尤指意欲伤害自己的人) If you circumvent someone, you cleverly prevent them from achieving something, especially when they are trying to harm you.
Roosevelt occasionally attempted to circumvent him.
罗斯福偶尔会试图避开他。
— cir·cum·ven·tion -ˈven(t)-shən\ noun
13
Q
civ·ic
adj
\ˈsi-vik\
A
- ADJ 市政的;城镇当局的 You use civic to describe people or things that have an official status in a town or city.
…the businessmen and civic leaders of Manchester.
曼彻斯特的商人和市政官员
…Bromley Civic Centre.
布罗姆利市政中心 - ADJ 公民的;市民的 You use civic to describe the duties or feelings that people have because they belong to a particular community.
…a sense of civic pride.
公民的自豪感
— civ·i·cal·ly \ˈsi-vi-k(ə-)lē\ adverb
14
Q
civ·il
adj
\ˈsi-vəl\
A
- ADJ 公民的;国民的;国内的 You use civil to describe events that happen within a country and that involve the different groups of people in it.
…civil unrest.
国内骚乱 - ADJ 民用的;平民的;非军事的 You use civil to describe people or things in a country that are not connected with its armed forces.
…the US civil aviation industry.
美国民用航空业 - ADJ 政府的；国家的;世俗的;非宗教的 You use civil to describe things that are connected with the state rather than with a religion.
They were married on August 9 in a civil ceremony in Venice.
他们于8月9号在威尼斯举行了世俗婚礼。
…Jewish civil and religious law.
犹太民法和宗教法 - ADJ （权利）公民的，公民应有的 You use civil to describe the rights that people have within a society.
…a United Nations covenant on civil and political rights.
联合国公民和政治权利公约 - ADJ-GRADED 彬彬有礼的;斯文的;客气的 Someone who is civil is polite in a formal way, but not particularly friendly.
As visitors, the least we can do is be civil to the people in their own land.
作为来访者，我们最起码能做到的就是对当地人要彬彬有礼。
civilly: The man nodded civilly to Sharpe, then consulted a notebook.那个人有礼貌地朝夏普点点头，然后翻查起一个笔记本来。
15
Q
claim
verb
\ˈklām\
A
- VERB 声称;断言 If you say that someone claims that something is true, you mean they say that it is true but you are not sure whether or not they are telling the truth.
He claimed that it was all a conspiracy against him…
他声称这一切都是一场针对他的阴谋。
A man claiming to be a journalist threatened to reveal details about her private life…
一个自称是记者的人威胁要公开有关她的私生活的细节。 - N-COUNT 声称;断言 A claim is something which someone says which they cannot prove and which may be false.
He repeated his claim that the people of Trinidad and Tobago backed his action…
他再次声称，特立尼达和多巴哥的人民支持他的行动。
He rejected claims that he had affairs with six women.
他拒不承认他和6个女人有染的说法。 - VERB 声称(负有责任或享有功劳) If you say that someone claims responsibility or credit for something, you mean they say that they are responsible for it, but you are not sure whether or not they are telling the truth.
An underground organisation has claimed responsibility for the bomb explosion…
一个地下组织已经声称对这起炸弹爆炸事件负责。
He was too modest to claim the credit.
他太谦逊，不愿意邀功。 - VERB 索取，索要(有权拥有的东西) If you claim something, you try to get it because you think you have a right to it.
Now they are returning to claim what was theirs.
如今他们回来索取本属于他们的东西。 - N-COUNT 主张;要求 A claim is a demand for something that you think you have a right to.
Rival claims to Macedonian territory caused conflict in the Balkans.
多方主张拥有对马其顿的领土主权，结果在巴尔干地区引发了冲突。 - VERB 取得，获得，赢得(纪录、冠军或奖励) If someone claims a record, title, or prize, they gain or win it.
Zhuang claimed the record in 54.64 seconds…
庄创下了54.64秒的纪录。
Steffi Graf claimed a fourth Wimbledon title in 1992.
施特菲·格拉芙于1992年第4次赢得温布尔登桂冠。 - N-COUNT 权利;要求权 If you have a claim on someone or their attention, you have the right to demand things from them or to demand their attention.
She’d no claims on him now…
现在他不欠她什么了。
He was surrounded by people, all with claims on his attention.
他被人们团团围住，个个都要他把注意力放在自己身上。 - VERB 需要，要求(花时间或精力) If something or someone claims your attention, they need you to spend your time and effort on them.
There is already a long list of people claiming her attention.
需要她关注的人已经很多了。 - VERB 索要，索取，申领(钱) If you claim money from the government, an insurance company, or another organization, you officially apply to them for it, because you think you are entitled to it according to their rules.
Some 25 per cent of the people who are entitled to claim State benefits do not do so…
有权申领政府补贴的人当中，约有25%没有提出申请。
John had taken out redundancy insurance but when he tried to claim, he was refused payment…
约翰办理过失业保险，可是当他去索赔时却遭拒付。
Claim is also a noun. - VERB (向雇主)索要，索取，讨要(钱、福利) If you claim money or other benefits from your employers, you demand them because you think you deserve or need them.
The union claimed a pay rise worth four times the rate of inflation.
工会要求按照通货膨胀率的4倍提高工资。
They are making substantial claims for improved working conditions…
他们强烈要求改善工作环境。 - VERB (战争、疾病、事故)夺去(生命)，导致(死亡) If you say that a war, disease, or accident claims someone’s life, you mean that they are killed in it or by it.
The civil war claimed the life of a U.N. interpreter yesterday…
昨天，内战夺去了一位联合国译员的生命。
Heart disease is the biggest killer, claiming 180,000 lives a year.
心脏病是头号杀手，每年夺去18万条生命。 - See also: no claims
- PHRASE 成名之举；成名之作 Someone’s claim to fame is something quite important or interesting that they have done or that is connected with them.
Barbara Follett’s greatest claim to fame is that she taught Labour MPs how to look good on television.
芭芭拉·福利特最出名的事就是她教工党议员如何在电视上拥有良好形象。 - PHRASE 声称拥有 If you lay claim to something you do not have, you say that it belongs to you.
Five Asian countries lay claim to the islands.
5个亚洲国家声称对那些岛屿拥有主权。 - to stake a claim →see: stake;
— claim·able \ˈklā-mə-bəl\ adjective
16
Q
clam
noun
\ˈklam\
A
n. 蚌， 蛤； 〈美口〉沉默寡言的人； 钳子； 〈美俚〉银币
v. （在沙滩上）挖蛤； 〈美俚〉嘴紧； 奏出（唱出）错音
- N-COUNT 蛤；蚌；蛤蜊 Clams are a kind of shellfish which can be eaten.
相关词组：clam up - PHRASAL VERB (常因害羞或避免说漏嘴)不再开口，闭口不言 If someone clams up, they stop talking, often because they are shy or to avoid giving away secrets.
As soon as I told her my name, she clammed up.
我告诉她我的名字后，她就什么也不说了。
17
Q
clan
noun
\ˈklan\
A
- N-COUNT 家族;宗族;氏族 A clan is a group which consists of families that are related to each other.
…rival clans.
敌对的家族 - N-COUNT (有共同利益的)集团，帮派，派系 You can refer to a group of people with the same interests as a clan .
…a powerful clan of industrialists from Monterrey.
来自蒙特雷的势力强大的企业家集团
18
Q
clan·des·tine
adj
\klan-ˈdes-tən\
A
- ADJ (通常因违法而)偷偷摸摸的，暗地里的，秘密的 Something that is clandestine is hidden or kept secret, often because it is illegal.
…their clandestine meetings.
他们的秘密会晤
clandestinely: He left the country clandestinely.他偷偷地离开了该国。
— clan·des·tine·ly adverb
— clan·des·tine·ness noun
— clan·des·tin·i·ty \ˌklan-də-ˈsti-nə-tē\ noun
19
Q
clar·i·fy
verb
\ˈkler-ə-ˌfī\
A
- VERB 阐明;阐释;说明 To clarify something means to make it easier to understand, usually by explaining it in more detail.
Thank you for writing and allowing me to clarify the present position…
谢谢你的来信，并允许我阐明目前的立场。
A bank spokesman was unable to clarify the situation.
一位银行发言人未能把情况解释清楚。
clarification: The union has written to Zurich asking for clarification of the situation.该联盟已致函苏黎世，要求将情况解释清楚。
— clar·i·fi·ca·tion \ˌkler-ə-fə-ˈkā-shən\ noun
— clar·i·fi·er \ˈkler-ə-ˌfī(-ə)r\ noun
20
Q
cler·i·cal
adj
\ˈkler-i-kəl\
A
- ADJ 文书工作的;文职人员的 Clerical jobs, skills, and workers are concerned with work that is done in an office.
…a strike by clerical staff in all government departments…
所有政府部门的文员举行的罢工
The hospital blamed the mix-up on a clerical error.
医院方面将这一混乱归咎于一处笔误。 - ADJ 神职人员的;圣职人员的 Clerical means relating to the clergy.
…a bearded man in a dark suit and clerical collar.
身穿黑西装，脖子上围着教士领的蓄着络腮胡子的男人
…Iran’s clerical leadership.
伊朗的教会领袖
— cler·i·cal·ly -i-k(ə-)lē\ adverb
21
Q
clerical supplies
A
n.文具供应
22
Q
cli·ché
noun
\klē-ˈshā\
A
n.陈词滥调
— cliché adjective
a speech filled with clichés about “finding your way” and “keeping the faith”
23
Q
cli·en·tele
noun
\ˌklī-ən-ˈtel\
A
- N-SING-COLL 顾客；客户；主顾 The clientele of a place or organization are its customers or clients.
This pub had a mixed clientele…
这家酒吧什么样的客人都有。
I have built up a loyal satisfied clientele for both African and European clothes.
我已经发展了一批对非洲和欧洲的服装都很满意的忠实客户。
The restaurant generally attracts an older clientele.
24
Q
cli·ma·tol·o·gy
noun
\ˌklī-mə-ˈtä-lə-jē\
A
- N-COUNT 气候学家 A climatologist is someone who studies climates.
— cli·ma·to·log·i·cal \ˌklī-mə-tə-ˈlä-ji-kəl\ adjective
— cli·ma·to·log·i·cal·ly -k(ə-)lē\ adverb
— cli·ma·tol·o·gist -mə-ˈtä-lə-jist\ noun
25
cling to
坚持； 紧抓； 保留； 挨着
1. hold firmly, usually with one's hands;
"She clutched my arm when she got scared"
26
clip·ping
noun
\ˈkli-piŋ\
1. N-COUNT 剪报 A clipping is an article, picture, or advertisement that has been cut from a newspaper or magazine.
...bulletin boards crowded with newspaper clippings.
贴满报纸剪报的布告栏
2. N-COUNT 剪下物 Clippings are small pieces of something that have been cut from something larger.
Having mown the lawn, there are all those grass clippings to get rid of.
修剪草坪后有很多剪下的碎草需要清理。
...nail clippings.
剪下的指甲
27
clock·wise
adv
\ˈkläk-ˌwīz\
1. ADV 按顺时针方向 When something is moving clockwise, it is moving in a circle in the same direction as the hands on a clock.
He told the children to start moving clockwise around the room.
他让孩子们开始按顺时针方向绕着房间走。
Clockwise is also an adjective.
Gently swing your right arm in a clockwise direction.
按顺时针方向轻轻摆动右臂。
— clockwise adjective
28
clog
noun
\ˈkläg\
1. VERB 阻塞;堵塞 When something clogs a hole or place, it blocks it so that nothing can pass through.
Dirt clogs the pores, causing spots...
灰尘堵塞毛孔，从而生出粉刺。
The traffic clogged the Thames bridges.
往来的车辆把泰晤士河上的桥都堵死了。
clogged: ...a clogged drain...被堵住的下水道The streets were clogged with people.人们把街道围得水泄不通。
2. N-COUNT 厚木底皮鞋;木屐 Clogs are heavy leather or wooden shoes with thick wooden soles.
3. PHRASE 翘辫子;一命呜呼 If you say that someone has popped their clogs, you mean that they have died.
相关词组：clog up
1. PHRASAL VERB-ERG （使）阻塞;（使）堵塞 When something clogs up a place, or when it clogs up, it becomes blocked so that little or nothing can pass through.
22,000 tourists were clogging up the pavements...
2.2万名游客将人行道堵得水泄不通。
The result is that the lungs clog up with a thick mucus.
检验结果是肺部被厚厚的黏液堵住了。
29
clone
noun
\ˈklōn\
1. N-COUNT 极为相似的人(或事物) If someone or something is a clone of another person or thing, they are so similar to this person or thing that they seem to be exactly the same as them.
Tom was in some ways a younger clone of his handsome father...
汤姆某些地方长得和他那帅气的父亲一模一样，只是年轻一些。
Designers are mistaken if they believe we all want to be supermodel clones.
要是设计师认为所有人都想和超模一样，那他们就错了。
2. N-COUNT 克隆动物(或植物);无性繁殖动物(或植物) A clone is an animal or plant that has been produced artificially, for example in a laboratory, from the cells of another animal or plant. A clone is exactly the same as the original animal or plant.
3. VERB 克隆;以无性繁殖技术复制 To clone an animal or plant means to produce it as a clone.
The idea of cloning extinct life forms still belongs to science fiction.
克隆已经灭绝的生物的想法仍旧只限于科幻小说中。
— clon·al \ˈklō-nəl\ adjective
— clon·al·ly \-nə-lē\ adverb
30
closed-circuit television
闭路电视
1. a television system that is not used for broadcasting but is connected by cables to designated monitors (as in a factory or theater)
31
clothes·line
noun
\-ˌlīn\
1. N-COUNT 晾衣绳 A clothesline is a thin rope on which you hang washing so that it can dry.
He hung his clothes out to dry on the clothesline across the doorway.
他把衣服挂在门口的晾衣绳上晾干。
32
clum·sy
adj
\ˈkləm-zē\
1. ADJ-GRADED 笨拙的;不灵活的 A clumsy person moves or handles things in a careless, awkward way, often so that things are knocked over or broken.
I'd never seen a clumsier, less coordinated boxer...
我从没见过更笨拙、动作更不协调的拳击手。
Unfortunately, I was still very clumsy behind the wheel of the jeep.
令人遗憾的是我开起吉普来还是笨手笨脚。
clumsily: The rooks flew clumsily towards their nests.那些秃鼻乌鸦笨拙地飞向它们的巢。
2. ADJ-GRADED (行为或措词)不得体的，拙劣的 A clumsy action or statement is not skilful or is likely to upset people.
The action seemed a clumsy attempt to topple the Janata Dal government...
这一试图推翻人民党政府的行动似乎缺乏策略。
He denied the announcement was clumsy and insensitive.
他否认声明不得体、不近人情。
clumsily: If the matter were handled clumsily, it could cost Miriam her life.要是事情处理不当，米丽娅姆可能会送命。
3. ADJ-GRADED (设计或外表)粗糙的，难用的;设计欠佳的 An object that is clumsy is not neat in design or appearance, and is often awkward to use.
The keyboard is a large and clumsy instrument as far as portable computers are concerned...
就手提电脑而言，键盘就显得大而笨重了。
It was a clumsy looking aeroplane.
那架飞机样子很难看。
— clum·si·ly \-zə-lē\ adverb
— clum·si·ness \-zē-nəs\ noun
33
clus·ter
noun
\ˈkləs-tər\
1. N-COUNT (人或物的)组，群，簇 A cluster of people or things is a small group of them close together.
...clusters of men in formal clothes...
一群群身着正装的男人
There's no town here, just a cluster of shops, cabins and motels at the side of the highway.
这儿没有城镇，只在公路边上有一片商店、小木屋和汽车旅馆。
2. VERB See also: clustered (人)聚集 If people cluster together, they gather together in a small group.
The passengers clustered together in small groups...
乘客们三五成群聚在一起。
The children clustered around me.
孩子们聚集在我的周围。
— clus·tery \-t(ə-)rē\ adjective
34
co·a·lesce
verb
\ˌkō-ə-ˈles\
1. VERB 联合;合并 If two or more things coalesce, they come together and form a larger group or system.
Cities, if unrestricted, tend to coalesce into bigger and bigger conurbations...
如果不加限制，城市往往会联合发展成越来越大的集合城市。
His sporting and political interests coalesced admirably in his writing about climbing.
他在写登山的文章中，把自己对体育和政治的兴趣完美地结合了起来。
— co·a·les·cence \-ˈle-sən(t)s\ noun
— co·a·les·cent \-sənt\ adjective
35
co·a·li·tion
noun
\ˌkō-ə-ˈli-shən\
1. N-COUNT 联合政府 A coalition is a government consisting of people from two or more political parties.
Since June the country has had a coalition government...
从6月份起，该国一直由一个联合政府执掌政权。
It took five months for the coalition to agree on and publish a medium-term economic programme.
联合政府花了5个月的时间才达成并公布了一项中期经济计划。
2. N-COUNT (政党、社团等的)同盟，联盟 A coalition is a group consisting of people from different political or social groups who are co-operating to achieve a particular aim.
He had been opposed by a coalition of about 50 civil rights, women's and Latino organizations.
大约有50个民权组织、女性社团和拉丁裔社团联合起来反对他。
— co·a·li·tion·ist \-ˈli-sh(ə-)nist\ noun
36
cob·ble
verb
\ˈkä-bəl\
1. N-COUNT 同 cobblestone Cobbles are the same as cobblestones .
They found Trish sitting on the cobbles of the stable yard.
他们发现翠茜坐在场院的鹅卵石地上。
相关词组：cobble together
1. PHRASAL VERB 粗制滥造;匆匆拼凑 If you say that someone has cobbled something together, you mean that they have made or produced it roughly or quickly.
The group had cobbled together a few decent songs...
这个组合整过几首像样的歌。
You can cobble it together from any old combination of garments. 把以前的衣服随便搭配一下就能拼凑出一套。
37
co·caine
noun
\kō-ˈkān\
1. N-UNCOUNT 可卡因;古柯碱 Cocaine is a powerful drug which some people take for pleasure, but which they can become addicted to.
38
co·coa
noun
\ˈkō-(ˌ)kō\
1. N-UNCOUNT 可可粉 Cocoa is a brown powder made from the seeds of a tropical tree. It is used in making chocolate.
The Ivory Coast became the world's leading cocoa producer.
象牙海岸成为世界上可可粉的主要产地。
...cocoa beans.
可可豆
2. N-UNCOUNT 热可可(饮料) Cocoa is a hot drink made from cocoa powder and milk or water.
My wife was tucked up in bed with her cup of cocoa.
我老婆端着一杯热可可窝在床上。
39
co·da
noun
\ˈkō-də\
1. N-COUNT (书或演讲的)结尾，结束语 A coda is a separate passage at the end of something such as a book or a speech that finishes it off.
2. N-COUNT (乐曲的)尾声，结束乐段 In music, a coda is the final part of a fairly long piece of music which is added in order to finish it off in a pleasing way.
The movie's coda shows the main character as an adult 25 years later.
40
code
noun
\ˈkōd\
1. N-COUNT 行为准则;规则;法典;法规 A code is a set of rules about how people should behave or about how something must be done.
...Article 159 of the Turkish Penal Code.
《土耳其刑法法典》第159条
...local building codes.
地方建筑法规
2. N-COUNT 密码;暗码;代码 A code is a system of replacing the words in a message with other words or symbols, so that nobody can understand it unless they know the system.
They used elaborate secret codes, as when the names of trees stood for letters...
他们使用了复杂的暗号，比如用树的名称代表字母。
If you can't remember your number, write it in code in a diary.
如果记不住自己的号码，可以用代码记在日记簿里。
3. N-COUNT (邮政)编码;(电话)区号 A code is a group of numbers or letters which is used to identify something, such as a postal address or part of a telephone system.
Callers dialing the wrong area code will not get through.
打电话的人如果拨错区号，就无法接通。
4. N-COUNT 信号;标记 A code is any system of signs or symbols that has a meaning.
It will need different microchips to reconvert the digital code back into normal TV signals.
把数字信号重新转换回通常的电视信号需要另外的微芯片。
5. N-COUNT (遗传)密码 The genetic code of a person, animal or plant is the information contained in DNA which determines the structure and function of cells, and the inherited characteristics of all living things.
Scientists provided the key to understanding the genetic code that determines every bodily feature.
科学家们找到了破解决定各种身体特征的遗传密码的密钥。
6. VERB 把…编码(或编号) To code something means to give it a code or to mark it with its code.
He devised a way of coding every statement uniquely...
他设计了一种把每句话进行独特编码的方法。
The machines were coded so we could tell them apart.
机器都编了号，便于我们区分。
7. N-UNCOUNT 编码 Computer code is a system or language for expressing information and instructions in a form which can be understood by a computer.
8. See also: bar code
1. N-COUNT （商品的）条形码 A bar code is an arrangement of numbers and parallel lines that is printed on products to be sold in shops. The bar code can be read by computers.
— code·less \-ləs\ adjective
41
cod·i·fy
verb
\ˈkä-də-ˌfī\
1. VERB 编纂;整理;将(法规等)整理成典 If you codify a set of rules, you define them or present them in a clear and ordered way.
The latest draft of the agreement codifies the panel's decision.
最新的协议草案把专家小组的决定加以整理，形成了条文。
codification: The codification of the laws began in the 1840s.这些法律的编纂整理始于19世纪40年代。
— cod·i·fi·abil·i·ty \ˌkä-də-ˌfī-ə-ˈbi-lə-tē\ noun
— cod·i·fi·ca·tion \-fə-ˈkā-shən\ noun
42
cog·ni·tive
adj
\ˈkäg-nə-tiv\
1. ADJ 认识过程的;认知的 Cognitive means relating to the mental process involved in knowing, learning, and understanding things.
As children grow older, their cognitive processes become sharper.
孩子们越长越大，他们的认知过程变得更为敏锐。
...Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development.
维果斯基的认知发展理论
— cog·ni·tive·ly adverb
43
co·her·ent
adj
\kō-ˈhir-ənt\
1. ADJ-GRADED 一致的;连贯的 If something is coherent, it is well planned, so that it is clear and sensible and all its parts go well with each other.
He has failed to work out a coherent strategy for modernising the service...
他未能制定出一条连贯的策略来实现服务的现代化。
The President's policy is perfectly coherent.
总统的政策环环相扣，浑然一体。
coherence: The campaign was widely criticised for making tactical mistakes and for a lack of coherence.竞选运动由于犯了战术性错误和缺乏连贯性而广受批评。
2. ADJ-GRADED 清楚明白的;有条理的 If someone is coherent, they express their thoughts in a clear and calm way, so that other people can understand what they are saying.
He's so calm when he answers questions in interviews. I wish I could be that coherent.
他在面试中回答问题时非常从容镇静。我希望自己也能那样条理清晰。
coherence: She lost consciousness and when she came round she still lacked coherence and focus.她失去了知觉，苏醒后仍然语无伦次，注意力也无法集中。
— co·her·ent·ly adverb
44
coin·age
noun
\ˈkȯi-nij\
1. N-UNCOUNT (一国所使用的)硬币 Coinage is the coins which are used in a country.
The city produced its own coinage from 1325 to 1864.
1325年到1864年间，这座城市曾铸造过自己的硬币。
...the world's finest collection of medieval European coinage.
世界上最完整的欧洲中世纪硬币收藏
2. N-UNCOUNT (一国的)货币制度 Coinage is the system of money used in a country.
It took four years for Britain just to decimalise its own coinage.
英国花了4年时间才将其币制改为十进制。
45
cole·slaw
noun
\ˈkōl-ˌslȯ\
1. N-UNCOUNT 凉拌卷心菜丝；生菜色拉 Coleslaw is a salad of chopped raw cabbage, carrots, onions, and sometimes other vegetables, usually with mayonnaise.
46
col·lab·o·rate
verb
\kə-ˈla-bə-ˌrāt\
1. V-RECIP 合作，协作(尤指著书或做研究) When one person or group collaborates with another, they work together, especially on a book or on some research.
He collaborated with his son Michael on the English translation of a text on food production...
他和儿子迈克尔合作，把一篇介绍食品生产的文章译成了英文。
The government is urging Japan's firms to collaborate with foreigners.
政府正在督促日本的公司进行更多的海外合作。
2. VERB 通（敌）;勾结(敌人) If someone collaborates with an enemy that is occupying their country during a war, they help them.
He was accused of having collaborated with the secret police.
他被控与秘密警察勾结。
47
col·lat·er·al
adj
\kə-ˈla-t(ə-)rəl\
1. N-UNCOUNT 担保金;抵押物 Collateral is money or property which is used as a guarantee that someone will repay a loan.
Many people use personal assets as collateral for small business loans...
很多人把个人财产用作小额商业贷款的抵押品。
Most people here cannot borrow from banks because they lack collateral.
由于拿不出东西作为抵押，这里大部分人无法从银行贷款。
— col·lat·er·al·i·ty \-ˌla-tə-ˈra-lə-tē\ noun
— col·lat·er·al·ly \-ˈla-t(ə-)rə-lē\ adverb
48
com·bat
noun
\ˈkäm-ˌbat\
1. N-UNCOUNT 战斗 Combat is fighting that takes place in a war.
The noun is pronounced /'kɒmbæt/. The verb is pronounced /kəm'bæt/. 名词读作 /'kɒm-bæt/。动词读作 /kəm'bæt/。
Over 16 million men had died in combat...
1,600多万人在战斗中牺牲。
Yesterday saw hand-to-hand combat in the city.
昨天该市发生了肉搏战。
2. N-COUNT 斗争;格斗 A combat is a battle, or a fight between two people.
It was the end of a long combat.
这是一场长期斗争的结束。
3. VERB 与…作斗争;打击 If people in authority combat something, they try to stop it happening.
Congress has criticised new government measures to combat crime.
国会对政府打击犯罪的新措施提出了批评。
49
com·bi·na·tion
noun, often attributive
\ˌkäm-bə-ˈnā-shən\
1. N-COUNT 结合;联合;混合 A combination of things is a mixture of them.
...a fantastic combination of colours.
多种颜色的绝妙混合
...the combination of science and art.
科学与艺术的结合
50
com·bus·tion
noun
\kəm-ˈbəs-chən\
1. N-UNCOUNT See also: internal combustion engine 燃烧;燃烧过程 Combustion is the act of burning something or the process of burning.
The energy is released by combustion on the application of a match...
火柴点燃后在燃烧过程中释放能量。
The two principal combustion products are water vapor and carbon dioxide.
两种主要的燃烧产物是水蒸气和二氧化碳。
— com·bus·tive \-ˈbəs-tiv\ adjective
GMAT 01
flashcards
Decks in class (10)
# Cards
