host and microbiome

Question 1

what is genome

Answer 1

• the genetic material of animals, plants and bacteria consists of DNA
• the genome includes both the genes and the non-coding DNA

Question 2

what is meant by microbiome

Answer 2

the combined genetic material of the microorganisms in a particular environment on a population level

Question 3

what is the role of the microbiome and its interaction with the host

Answer 3

• microbiome reflects the host and their biology
• roles in digestion, immune system, protection against pathogens, metabolism, behaviour

Question 4

what is the role of the microbiome in gut health and disease

Answer 4

• the diversity and abundance of microbes will influence energy balance, gut motility, inflammatory tone, mucosal integrity, appetite and signalling
• can also negatively influence the gut barrier, promoting inflammation