individual 2

Question 1

What is the Five-Factor Model (FFM)?

Answer 1

A model of personality that includes five traits: Extraversion, Neuroticism, Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Openness.

Question 2

Define Extraversion.

Answer 2

Sociable, outgoing, cheerful.

Question 3

Define Neuroticism.

Answer 3

Worry, sadness, emotional instability.

Question 4

What are the two dimensions of emotions described in the lecture?

Answer 4

• Positive emotions (happiness, enthusiasm, excitement)
• Negative emotions (anxiety, worry, sadness)

Question 5

How is Extraversion linked to emotions?

Answer 5

Linked to positive emotion activation.

Question 6

How is Neuroticism linked to emotions?

Answer 6

Linked to negative emotion activation.

Question 7

List the six facets of Extraversion.

Answer 7

• Gregariousness
• Assertiveness
• Activity levels
• Excitement-seeking
• Warmth
• Positive emotions

Question 8

List the six facets of Neuroticism.

Answer 8

• Anxiety
• Self-consciousness
• Depression
• Vulnerability
• Impulsiveness
• Angry hostility

Question 9

What is the heritability estimate for Neuroticism?

Answer 9

Approximately 40-50%.

Question 10

What environmental factors can increase Neuroticism?

Answer 10

• Childhood stress/trauma
• Overprotective parenting
• Unstable or high-pressure environments

Question 11

What cognitive patterns are associated with high Neuroticism?

Answer 11

• Habit of negative thinking
• Rumination
• Low emotional resilience

Question 12

True or False: High Neuroticism is always detrimental.

Answer 12

False.

Question 13

What are some benefits of Neuroticism?

Answer 13

• Fewer accidents in adulthood
• Less risk-taking
• Better performance in structured environments

Question 14

Who proposed the three major personality traits including Neuroticism?

Answer 14

Hans Eysenck.

Question 15

What does Eysenck’s Arousal Theory suggest about introverts and extraverts?

Answer 15

• Introverts: High cortical arousal, avoid stimulation
• Extraverts: Low cortical arousal, seek stimulation

Question 16

What is the Behavioural Approach System (BAS) linked to?

Answer 16

Extraversion.

Question 17

What does the Behavioural Inhibition System (BIS) relate to?

Answer 17

Neuroticism.

Question 18

How do high Extraverts respond to positive and negative feedback?

Answer 18

Mood improves after positive feedback but remains stable after negative feedback.

Question 19

How do high Neuroticism individuals respond to feedback?

Answer 19

Mood worsens after negative feedback, does not improve with positive feedback.

Question 20

What role does social interaction play for Extraverts?

Answer 20

Gains energy from social engagement.

Question 21

Fill in the blank: Neuroticism is associated with sensitivity to _______.

Answer 21

[punishment & threats]

Question 22

What is the implication of Extraversion on mental health?

Answer 22

Influences social engagement, reward-seeking, and positive emotions.

Question 23

What does Neuroticism imply about an individual’s emotional state?

Answer 23

Indicates emotional instability and sensitivity to stress.

Question 24

What is a paradox highlighted in Sally’s case study?

Answer 24

High extraversion and high neuroticism co-existing in the same person.