Inheritance

Question 1

What does DNA stand for?

Answer 1

Deoxy-ribo-nucleic acid

Question 2

What is the shape of DNA?

Answer 2

Double helix

Question 3

How many chromosomes do humans have?

Answer 3

46

Question 4

What is a gene?

Answer 4

A section of DNA that codes for a protein

Question 5

What is a genome?

Answer 5

The entire set of genetic material in an organism

Question 6

Where is DNA found(in a human)?

Answer 6

In chromosomes

Question 7

Same alleles are called…

Answer 7

Homozygous

Question 8

Different alleles are called…

Answer 8

Heterozygous

Question 9

Which allele will always be expressed?

Answer 9

Dominant

Question 10

What is a genotype?

Answer 10

The collection of alleles that determine a characteristic

Question 11

What is a phenotype?

Answer 11

The characteristics that you get from a genotype

Question 12

Where are chromosomes found in a cell?

Answer 12

Nucleus

Question 13

What is an allele?

Answer 13

Different versions of a particular gene

Question 14

What is the monomer in DNA called?

Answer 14

Nucleotide

Question 15

What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide?

Answer 15

Phosphate
Sugar
Base

Question 16

What are the 4 bases?

Answer 16

Adenine
Thymine
Cytosine
Guanine

Question 17

What are the comlimentary pairs for bases?

Answer 17

A-T
C-G

Question 18

What is genetic code?

Answer 18

The sequence of bases

Question 19

What are the 3 main uses of protein?

Answer 19

Enzymes
Hormones
Structural Proteins

Question 20

What is Transcription?

Answer 20

The process of taking a single gene of DNA and copying it to mRNA

Question 21

Which enzyme is used in Transcription?

Answer 21

RNA Polymerase

Question 22

Which base does mRNA not have?

Answer 22

Thymine

Question 23

Which base does mRNA contain that is not present in DNA?

Answer 23

Uracil

Question 24

What does a coden do?

Answer 24

Codes for a specific amino acid

Question 25

What is translation?

Answer 25

The combination of amino acids to form a polypeptide

Question 26

What is the role of a ribosome

Answer 26

To assemble proteinns from amino acids

Question 27

What brings the amino acids to the ribosomes?

Answer 27

tRNA

Question 28

What does tRNA contain?

Answer 28

Anti-codon

Question 29

What is mutation?

Answer 29

A random, spontaneous change in the DNA base sequence

Question 30

What are the 3 types of mutation?

Answer 30

Substitution Insertion Deletion

Question 31

How many chromosomes do gametes have?

Answer 31

23

Question 32

Which process creates gametes?

Answer 32

Meiosis

Question 33

What are the two gametes in plants?

Answer 33

Pollen and egg

Question 34

Benefits of asexual reproduction

Answer 34

Only 1 parent needed Process is very quick

Question 35

Disadvantage of asexual reproduction

Answer 35

No genetic variation(lower chance of adapting )

Question 36

Advantage of sexual reproduction

Answer 36

Variation - adapt to changing conditions

Question 37

Disadvantages of sexual reproduction

Answer 37

Lots of time and energy needed Requires 2 parents

Question 38

Steps of Meiosis (4)

Answer 38

DNA replicates Chromosomes line up at centre 1st division 2nd division producing 4 genetically unique cells

Question 39

Is Cystic fibrosis recessive or dominant?

Answer 39

Recessive

Question 40

What is polydactyly?

Answer 40

A condition in which a baby is born with extra fingers or toes

Question 41

Is the polydactyly alleles recessive or dominant?

Answer 41

Dominant

Question 42

What is cystic fibrosis

Answer 42

A condition where thick, sticky mucus builds up in the lungs and digestive system

Question 43

Classification

Answer 43

Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species