Joint motions

Question 1

Flexion

Answer 1

decrease angle at a joint (bend elbow)

Question 2

Extension

Answer 2

increase angle at a joint (straighten elbow)

Question 3

Hyperextension

Answer 3

increase angle beyond anatomical position (tip head back)

Question 4

Hyperflexion

Answer 4

decrease angle beyond anatomical position (tip head forwards)

Question 5

Circumflexion

Answer 5

rotate arm in a circle about the shoulder

Question 6

Adduction

Answer 6

move a body part toward midline (move one leg toward the other)

Question 7

Abduction

Answer 7

move a body part away from midline (move one leg away from the other)

Question 8

Internal rotation

Answer 8

revolve part about longitudinal axis toward the midline or medially (rotate whole leg inwards)

Question 9

External rotation

Answer 9

revolve part around longitudinal axis away from midline or laterally (rotate whole leg outwards)

Question 10

Supination

Answer 10

turn palm upwards

Question 11

Pronation

Answer 11

turn palm downwards

Question 12

Inversion

Answer 12

turn plantar surface toward midline

Question 13

Eversion

Answer 13

turn plantar surface away from midline

Question 14

Plantar flexion

Answer 14

move sole of foot downwards

Question 15

Dorsiflexion

Answer 15

move sole of foot upwards